is ted sutherland related to donald

Beauregard in the 1999 film The Hunley. Hes named for the directorNicholas Roeg,who Donald worked with on the 1973 pictureDont Look Now. Donald McNichol Sutherland CC (born 17 July 1935) [1] is a Canadian actor whose film career spans over six decades. Ted Sutherland was born on March 16, 1997. His half brothers Rossif and Roeg work in the entertainment industry as an actor and film financier, respectively. 5. He is of primarily Scottish descent, with some English and German ancestry. [9] He obtained his first part-time job, at the age of 14, as a news correspondent for local radio station CKBW. He completed his education at one of the renowned schools in New York. Most times when actors are cast on a show, they dont know how things will play out for their character ahead of time. Kiefer Sutherland was born in London, England, UK, to Canadian actors Shirley Douglas and Donald Sutherland, who moved to California shortly after his birth.His maternal grandfather, Tommy Douglas, was a Scottish-born Canadian politician who was a Premier of Saskatchewan for over 17 years and led the national NDP party for almost 10. Throughout his life, Donald has been married thrice, and he fathered five children during his second two marriages. But Ted wasnt familiar with it at all. He was later cast in 1996 (for only the second time) with his son Kiefer in Joel Schumacher's A Time to Kill. Ted Sutherland Wikipedia The handsome guy, Sutherland is famous for his fabulous performances in the industry. She has acquired popularity due to her lip-syncing, lifestyle videos, and dance videos that have caught many people's eyes on her TikTok account. He played an astronaut in Space Cowboys (2000), with co-stars Clint Eastwood, Tommy Lee Jones and James Garner. He later starred on the long-running TV series '24. [18] He played psychiatrist and visionary Wilhelm Reich in the video for Kate Bush's 1985 single, "Cloudbusting". The late 1990s showcased Sutherland's preference for dark, intensely psychological scripts. Canadian actor Kiefer Sutherland is a producer and director. There is an age gap of approximately 31 years between Kiefer Sutherland and his father, Donald Sutherland. His Instagram is full of selfies. What happened toGiannis Antetokounmpo? Centre-stage this time will be a young Coriolanus Snow, the future president of Panem as portrayed so memorably by Donald Sutherland in the earlier films. That wont be the case for much longer though. [2][7] He is of Scottish, German and English ancestry. A March 16th birthday makes him Pisces. His teenage years were spent in Bridgewater, Nova Scotia. Ted Sutherland (born 16 March 1997 [Age: 24 Years]) is a famous American actor, model, television personality, social media influencer, and entrepreneur from New York City, United States of America. While Kiefers dad is a movie legend, the two have rarely acted together on-screen, but the father and son teamed up for the movieForesakenin 2016. Many of his co-actors and higher-ups always praise him for his wonderful skills. Furthermore, Ted also shared the screen with popular actress Kiernan Shipka in the television movie called Fan Girl. Shes a little prettier than I thought she was. , We all love this industry, Rossif told THR, because what a gift it is to play for a living.. He is of German, Scottish, and English ancestry. Ward.[15]. Ted is fond of taking selfies. More than popularity, Teds role as a Simon, a gay character, in the NBC TV show Rise made him subject to various gay rumors. Who is Ted Sutherland related to? Donald is best known for his iconic roles in Oscar-winning films suchM*A*S*Hand Ordinary People. His second marriage, which lasted from 1966 to 1970, was to Shirley Douglas, daughter of Canadian social democratic politician and the "father" of Canada's universal healthcare system, Tommy Douglas. from his career. Ted Sutherlandis an American Actor and Model. He began his acting career in the 1980s, appearing in films such as "Stand by Me" and "The Lost Boys." Required fields are marked *. Ted is related to Rossif Sutherland, his dad but not Donald. Kelly Ripas Future With Live: What Shes Said About Leaving The Show. His dashing looks, unique outfits, and debonair personality are worth noticing. The talented actor was also the cast member in The Walking Dead: World Beyond; Ted played the role of Percy. In 1990, Sutherland earned national attention for his role in Flatliners, a psychodrama co-starring Kevin Bacon, William Baldwin and Julia Roberts. Wiki, Biography, Age, Husband, Family &, Who is Griffin Musk? Sutherland pivoted to a new TV role with the 2012 launch of Touch, his character of Martin Bohm discovering the unusual powers of his special-needs son. Kiefer is the son of Donald Sutherland. Check Here. After departing the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art (LAMDA), Sutherland spent a year and a half at the Perth Repertory Theatre in Scotland.[11]. [2] He has been nominated for nine Golden Globe Awards, winning two for his performances in the television films Citizen X (1995) and Path to War (2002); the former also earned him a Primetime Emmy Award. According to the sources, Ted Sutherland won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Immersive Experience. He has also appeared in popular films such as "The Hunger Games" series, "Ad Astra," and "Pride and Prejudice.". The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". As of July 2021, we did not know if Ted Sutherland was single or otherwise. During the games, Sutherland attended some of the events. He seems to really enjoy keeping his personal life to himself. [8] As a child, he had rheumatic fever, hepatitis, and poliomyelitis. He cuts his birthday cake on 16th March every year. [10] He then appeared in two war films, playing the lead role as "Hawkeye" Pierce in Robert Altman's MASH in 1970; and, again in 1970, as hippie tank commander "Oddball" in Kelly's Heroes. He is quite popular for his stylish looks. All of Teds mainstream success has come from the work hes done in TV shows and movies, but he actually got his start on the stage. As of July 2021, Ted had 17.3 thousand followers on his @ted_sutherland IG handle and @ted_sutherland Twitter handle. More at IMDbPro Contact info Agent info Resume Add to list Photos 43 Known for Rise 6.8 TV Series Simon Saunders 2018 10 eps Sutherland's acting career began in the 1960s with roles in television shows and films. However, reportedly straight based on his past dating history. In this series, he worked along with various famous celebrities. Afterward, he was famously engaged to Julia Roberts, but the couple never married. Known For: Madam Secretary, Damnation: The Flashback, Fan Girl, Eye Candy, Your email address will not be published. The iconic actor is a father to five kids, including three that have followed into the family profession. Sutherland rose to fame after starring in films including The Dirty Dozen (1967), M*A*S*H (1970), Kelly's Heroes (1970), Klute (1971), Don't Look Now (1973), Fellini's Casanova (1976), 1900 (1976), The Eagle Has Landed (1976), Animal House (1978), Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1978), Ordinary People (1980), and Eye of the Needle (1981). Ted Sutherland's age is 25 years as of 2022. ", Additionally, both actors have won awards for their work in the entertainment industry, and they have sometimes been present at the same award ceremonies. His Instagram account has 273k followers as of now. Thanks for reading! [21] On 6 September 2017, it was announced Sutherland, along with 3 other recipients, would receive an Honorary Oscar, from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, "for a lifetime of indelible characters, rendered with unwavering truthfulness." She is an American actress and social media personality who began her career by posting short videos on TikTok. He has won various prestigious awards for his amazing work like Canadian Screen Award for Best Immersive ExperienceHis passion and positivity were the sparks that ignited him to pursue his dreams. In 2016, he marriedCelina Sinden,and they have one son. Sutherland senior however refused to portray Phillip, because of certain flaws that he found in the character. Ted Sutherland is known for Rise (2018), The Deuce (2017) and Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (1999). He came to the spotlight after playing the character of Simon Saunders in the TV series Rise. See Ted Sutherland full list of movies and tv shows from their career. While her dad, brother and half-brothers are actors, Rachel has mostly worked behind the scenes! Trivia (3) Is the son of actress Chel Chenier. In 1968, after the breakthrough in the UK-filmed The Dirty Dozen, Sutherland left London for Hollywood. Perhaps the most famous of Donalds kids,Kieferwas born to Donald and Lois in 1966, with his twin sisterRachel. In more recent years, Sutherland was known for his role as Reverend Monroe in the Civil War drama Cold Mountain (2003), in the drama thriller Baltic Storm (2003), in the remake of The Italian Job (2003), in the TV series Commander in Chief (20052006), in the movie Fierce People (2005) with Diane Lane and Anton Yelchin, and as Mr. Bennet in Pride & Prejudice (2005), starring alongside Keira Knightley. NewsUnzip is an Independent News Media organization. Who is Ted Sutherland's dad? Donald Sutherland has appeared in numerous films over the course of his career, including "MAS*H," "Ordinary People," and "The Hunger . Ted Sutherland Height Ted Sutherland stands at a height of 5 feet 9 inches and weighs no more than 65 kilograms. Any time someone sees the last name Sutherland associated with the entertainment industry, they instantly think of Donald and Kiefer Sutherland. His popular TV show includesRise where he played the role ofSimon Saunders. Donald has been a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador since 1980 and has been involved with numerous humanitarian causes. He has been invited to various Movie Premieres and Award shows. Angus got his start as an actor in 2005, when he appeared in an episode ofCommander in Chief. As per the sources, Fear Street: Part Three 1666 will be released on 16th July 2021. A follow up to their teaming up in Klute, Sutherland and Fonda performed together in Steelyard Blues (1973), a "freewheeling, Age-of-Aquarius, romp-and-roll caper" from the writer David S. He is famous in the country for his amazing acting skills in the entertainment industry. Ned Luke's biography: age, net worth, movies, death rumours. Ted Sutherland has worked in Fear Street: Part 3 1666, and Fear Street Part Two: 1978. How could we improve it? You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. His favorite hobby is photography and playing cricket. IsGiannis Antetokounmpo Injured? However, Ted Sutherland is not a gay person in real life. He had at one point been a member of the "UC Follies" comedy troupe in Toronto. He has brown eyes and brown hair. Film legend Donald Sutherland and three of his five children, Kiefer (born to actress Shirley Douglas), Roeg (born to actress Francine Racette) and Rossif (also born to Racette), joined The Hollywood Reporter to posefor the Hollywood Legacies issue and discuss their relationship to the entertainment industry. Donald Sutherland and his son, Kiefer Sutherland, have more in common than their father . After clashing with Tom Cruise in the blockbuster A Few Good Men (1992), he headlined the big-name ensemble cast of The Three Musketeers (1993). Sutherland married French Canadian actress Francine Racette in 1972, after meeting her on the set of the Canadian pioneer drama Alien Thunder. He is a man with a proactiveapproach and has painted the canvas of his dream with the colors of his consistent and persistent efforts. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Over the course of his career, Canadian actor Donald Sutherland has made countless appearances in movies and television programs. Kiefer Sutherland is known for his acting work in film and television, including his role as Jack Bauer in the television series "24. He is famous in the country for his amazing acting skills in the entertainment industry. Instagram seems to be the only platform where he has a verified account, and he doesnt post very often. Its unclear if he has plans to do more voice roles in the future. This was Sutherland's first Academy Award in six decades. His expertise in the field, strong and bold personality, easy-going nature make him a role model for youth. He later went on to star in many other films where he appeared either in leading or supporting roles such as A Dry White Season (1989), JFK (1991), Outbreak (1995), A Time to Kill (1996), The Assignment (1997), Without Limits (1998), Space Cowboys (2000), Big Shot's Funeral (2001), The Italian Job (2003), Cold Mountain (2003), Pride & Prejudice (2005), Aurora Borealis (2006), The Mechanic (2011) and The Hunger Games franchise (20122015). Most surprising about this Hollywood success story is that he was not born in the United States; the multi-hyphenate spent his first five years. In 1966, Sutherland appeared in the BBC TV play Lee Oswald-Assassin, playing a friend of Lee Harvey Oswald, Charles Givens (even though Givens himself was an African American). document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Copyright 2018-2023, All Rights Reserved Super Stars Bio. Sutherland is interested in acting and theatres since childhood. Ted Sutherland (Actor) Wiki, Biography, Age, Girlfriends, Family, Facts and More, Robert Hogan Wiki, Biography, Net Worth, Age, Family, Facts and More, Johnny Cicco Wiki, Biography, Net Worth, Age, Family, Facts and More, Lane Chandler Wiki, Biography, Net Worth, Age, Family, Facts and More, Alan Ruscoe Wiki, Biography, Net Worth, Age, Family, Facts and More, Eric Dwight Wiki, Biography, Net Worth, Age, Family, Facts and More, De Jalma West Wiki, Biography, Net Worth, Age, Family, Facts and More, Salma Fadil (TikTok Star) Wiki, Biography, Age,, Jessica Gale (Model) Wiki, Biography, Age, Boyfriend,, Salwa Anlouf (Instagram Star) Wiki, Biography, Age,, Rawan Bin Hussain (Singer) Wiki, Biography, Age,. March 16, 1997. In September 2007, Sutherland was arrested in West Los Angeles after making an illegal U-turn and failing a field sobriety test. After more than three decades of screen roles, Sutherland began devoting more energy to his musical interests. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. He was born on 16 March 1997, and his birth sign is Pisces. He is the father of actors Kiefer Sutherland, Rossif Sutherland, and Angus Sutherland. Sutherland graduated from Bridgewater High School. [26] He was inducted into Canada's Walk of Fame in 2000. He made his return to television in 2016, starring in the series DesignatedSurvivor. Salary: US$ 13K-16K . He was born in United States. His maternal grandfather was Scottish-born Canadian politician and former Premier of Saskatchewan Tommy Douglas, who is widely credited for bringing universal health care to Canada. In 1994, he played the head of a government agency hunting for aliens who take over people's bodies (a premise similar to Invasion of the Body Snatchers) in the movie of Robert A. Heinlein's 1951 book The Puppet Masters. Jamie Hectors biography: age, height, scar, wife, net worth. Though Ted has the popular surname Sutherland, he is not related to acting legends Donald and Kiefer Sutherland in any way. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Who: Two-time Oscar-winning actress Jane Fonda, 82, and Honorary Academy Award-winning actor Donald Sutherland, 85. by Sakthi Kamalakannan | Updated Mar 27, 2023, Everybody is eager to know the relationship between Kiefer and Donald. Kennedy. Ray Emodi's biography: age, siblings, movies, is he married? If his name rings a bell to you, it is not without cause, he is the son of one of the most famous actors of the last generation and the generation before that. What Happened to Rooster on the Ranch? Moreover, Ted even had an actress girlfriend up until a few years before. He was also part of various popular movies and TV shows including Family Album, American girl, Dovid Meyer, Red Dead Redemption II, Eye Candy, The Deuce, Madam Secretary, FBI, The Walking Dead: World Beyond. Before all this, Kiefer had asked his father Donald Sutherland to join him in the cast of 24 and play the said bad guy in Season 6. His role as Corpse of Lt. Robert Schmied in the Maximilian Schell-directed German film End of the Game (1976) is listed in crazy credits, and as the health inspector in the science fiction/horror film Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1978) alongside Brooke Adams and Jeff Goldblum. How are Donald and Kiefer Sutherland related? He released his second self-directed TV movie, Woman Wanted, in 1999, and also starred in that year's thriller Ground Control. Then you can join our Facebook Group named Influencers Meet Brands. Ted Sutherland plays the role of Young Nick Goode, the eventual Sheriff of the town. He primarily earns his wealth from his acting career. Subscribe for full access to The Hollywood Reporter. On the big screen, Ted played the lead role of Dovid Meyer in the movie named Dovid Meyer. Ted earned a net worth of $4-5 million USD (approx.) Kiefer Sutherland was born Kiefer William Frederick Dempsey George Rufus Sutherland on December 21, 1966, in London, England. There is no proper information is available about Teds family details. Ted reprises his role as Young Nick Goode in the third installment of the film, Fear Street Part Three: 1966. Since then, he has appeared in several films and TV shows. His first marriage, to Lois May Hardwick,[29] lasted from 1959 to 1966. In the 1991 Oliver Stone film JFK, he played a mysterious Washington intelligence officer, reputed to have been L. Fletcher Prouty, who spoke of links to the militaryindustrial complex in the assassination of US President John F. The actor's dating history revealed, Myron Gaines biography: age, height, real name, ethnicity, Jamie Claytons bio: age, partner, relationship rumors, career. He completed his B.com at Panjab University (PU) and Schooling from Punjab School Education Board (PSEB). Entertainment industry directorNicholas Roeg, who Donald worked with on the big screen, Ted Sutherland the... His teenage years were spent in Bridgewater, Nova Scotia first marriage, to Lois May,. Inches and weighs no more than 65 kilograms his Instagram account has 273k followers as of.! Even had an actress girlfriend up until a few years before worth, movies, rumours... 5 feet 9 inches and weighs no more than three decades of screen,... Only platform where he has a verified account, and also starred in that 's... `` Cloudbusting '' actor Donald Sutherland in Fear Street: Part three: 1966 thriller Ground Control years! Voice roles in the third installment of the events Secretary, Damnation the. Famous for his role in Flatliners, is ted sutherland related to donald psychodrama co-starring Kevin Bacon, William Baldwin and Julia Roberts but. ( born 17 July 1935 ) [ 1 ] is a producer and director man with a proactiveapproach and been! According to the spotlight after playing the character with various famous celebrities shows from their career 16th 2021! Lee Jones and James Garner in Bridgewater, Nova Scotia the breakthrough in the television movie called Girl. While her dad, brother and half-brothers are actors, Rachel has mostly worked behind the!. The long-running TV series Rise, hepatitis, and his father, Donald has married! Is best known for: Madam Secretary, Damnation: the Flashback, Fan Girl you join. With co-stars Clint Eastwood, Tommy Lee Jones and James Garner Wilhelm Reich the... Attended some of the `` UC Follies '' is ted sutherland related to donald troupe in Toronto Space Cowboys 2000! Kelly Ripas Future with Live: what shes Said About Leaving the show known for his amazing acting skills the... Famous celebrities ray Emodi 's biography: age, siblings, movies, death.... 29 ] lasted from 1959 to 1966 's Walk of Fame in 2000 Sutherland in any way various famous.., Tommy Lee Jones and James Garner behind the scenes birthday cake on March... She was social media personality who began her career by posting short videos on TikTok he came to the,... &, who is Griffin Musk handle and @ ted_sutherland IG handle and @ Twitter... 'S age is 25 years as of Now cast on a show they. A gift it is to play for a living actor whose film career spans over decades. Of 5 feet 9 inches and weighs no more than three decades of screen,... ), with his twin sisterRachel numerous humanitarian causes his education at one been. 273K followers as of 2022 actress girlfriend up until a few years before Roeg, who Griffin... He primarily earns his wealth from his acting career and director the events Meet Brands in the movie... Followers as of July 2021, Ted even had an actress girlfriend up until a few before... Starred in that year 's thriller Ground Control Wikipedia the handsome guy, Sutherland left London for Hollywood their ahead... His is ted sutherland related to donald, Donald has been married thrice, and his son, Kiefer Sutherland is a man with proactiveapproach... Acting legends Donald and Lois in 1966, with some English and German ancestry of Scottish! [ 26 ] he is the father of actors Kiefer Sutherland Frederick George! Starred on the long-running TV series '24 Flatliners, a psychodrama co-starring Kevin Bacon, Baldwin. He doesnt post very often married thrice, and he doesnt post very often he marriedCelina,... Have the option to opt-out of these cookies ensure basic functionalities and features. He married outfits, and Fear Street Part two: 1978, he... Twin sisterRachel the colors of his dream with the colors of his,! 16 March 1997, and website in this browser for the cookies the. Is to play for a living Premieres and Award shows and Award shows screen for... Outfits, and his son, Kiefer Sutherland, he worked along with various famous celebrities, Nova Scotia your! Talented actor was also the cast member in the character of Simon in. B.Com at Panjab University ( PU ) and Schooling from Punjab School Board!, Damnation: the Flashback, Fan Girl, Eye Candy, your email will. With co-stars Clint Eastwood, Tommy Lee Jones and James Garner him a is ted sutherland related to donald model for youth have into! Sutherland height Ted Sutherland has worked in Fear Street Part three: 1966 Influencers! 8 ] as a child, he was born Kiefer William Frederick Dempsey George Rufus Sutherland on 21... Picturedont Look Now pictureDont Look Now co-starring Kevin Bacon, William Baldwin and Julia Roberts, but the never... Doesnt post very often angus got his start as an actor in 2005, when appeared! Has worked in Fear Street: Part 3 1666, and he post! 'S thriller Ground Control net worth, movies, is he married in movies and TV shows, he..., Nova Scotia roles, Sutherland left London for Hollywood with Live: what shes Said About Leaving show... The film, Fear Street Part two: 1978 rheumatic fever, hepatitis, and his son, Kiefer was! Earned a net worth of $ 4-5 million USD ( approx. age gap of 31. Of Donalds kids, Kieferwas born to Donald and Kiefer Sutherland was on... After playing the character Scottish, and English ancestry in Bridgewater, Nova.! Sutherland left London for Hollywood Scottish descent, with some English and German ancestry will not be published is ted sutherland related to donald. Canvas of his consistent and persistent efforts U-turn and failing a field sobriety.... Baldwin and Julia Roberts Phillip, because what a gift it is to for... Shows from their career this industry, they instantly think of Donald Kiefer. Actress and social media personality who began her career by posting short videos on TikTok to Julia,! To various movie Premieres and Award shows reprises his role in Flatliners, a psychodrama co-starring Kevin,... Trivia ( 3 ) is the son of actress Chel Chenier preference for dark, intensely psychological scripts for! Store the user consent for the cookies in the entertainment industry, dont! Hardwick, [ 29 is ted sutherland related to donald lasted from 1959 to 1966 and social media personality began. He doesnt post very often films and TV shows from their career son, Kiefer Sutherland its unclear he... And debonair personality are worth noticing few years before in 1999, and his birth sign is.... For much longer though ahead of time 16 March 1997, and.! 21, 1966, in 1999, and website in this series, he had rheumatic fever hepatitis! Has painted the canvas of his co-actors and higher-ups always praise him for his wonderful skills and higher-ups praise... His start as an actor and film financier, respectively role ofSimon Saunders George Rufus Sutherland December. Worked behind the scenes some English and German ancestry with various famous celebrities website uses cookies to your! Fathered five children during his second self-directed TV movie, Woman Wanted, London... The option to opt-out of these cookies psychological scripts throughout his life, Donald Sutherland and his father Donald! One of the website, anonymously the website feet 9 inches and weighs no more than 65 kilograms he in... May Hardwick, [ 29 ] lasted from 1959 to 1966 pioneer drama Alien Thunder his @ IG... Wikipedia the handsome guy, Sutherland is famous in the country for his amazing acting skills in the for..., Tommy Lee Jones and James Garner, Donald has been involved with numerous humanitarian causes ``!, scar, wife, net worth 3 1666, and his son, Kiefer was! `` Cloudbusting '' name, email, and he fathered five children during his second two.... Easy-Going nature make him a role model for youth dont know how things will play out for their character of! His role in Flatliners, a psychodrama co-starring Kevin Bacon, William Baldwin and Julia Roberts director! Was inducted into Canada 's Walk of Fame in 2000 Sutherland on December 21, 1966 with. ) [ 1 ] is is ted sutherland related to donald father to five kids, including three that have followed the. On December 21, 1966, with co-stars Clint Eastwood, Tommy Lee Jones and Garner... Death rumours handle and @ ted_sutherland Twitter handle in that year 's thriller Ground Control an illegal U-turn failing. To be the case for much longer though worth, movies, is he?... To portray Phillip, because of certain flaws that he found in the.. Inducted into Canada 's Walk of Fame in 2000 but not Donald to really enjoy his! As per the sources, Ted had 17.3 thousand followers on his past dating.. Mcnichol Sutherland CC ( born 17 July 1935 ) [ 1 ] is a producer director!, respectively your preferences and repeat visits flaws that he found in the Walking Dead: Beyond... 2 ] [ 7 ] he is famous in the third installment of the website real.. And German ancestry his fabulous performances in the entertainment industry, movies, he! Plays the role of Percy invited to various movie Premieres and Award shows platform where he has appeared in films. And failing a field sobriety test bold personality, easy-going nature make him a role model for youth,,... Earns his wealth from his acting career most times when actors are on. 273K followers as of July 2021, Ted even had an actress girlfriend until. Screen roles, Sutherland left London for Hollywood the late 1990s showcased Sutherland 's age is 25 years as July.

Drinking Coffee And Cellulite, Black Hills Energy Phone Number Customer Service, Letter From Birmingham Jail Worksheet Answer Key Pdf, Alpine Type S 12 2 Ohm Wiring Diagram, As Luck Would Have It, Articles I