People who want to take up this career must be aware of these disadvantages, so that they can career plan accordingly. Tech & Innovation in Healthcare eNewsletter, Capture the Complete Clinical Picture With Precision, Applying RVUs to Pharmacists Patient Care Services, Ease the Pressure of Coding Decubitus Ulcers, Establish Medical Necessity forImplantable Cardioverter-defibrillators. For example, intelligent radiology technology is able to identify significant visual markers, saving hours of intense analysis. Billing CPT codes that are not included in your insurance companys contract. - Assuring that insurance firms get correct claims and that there is no danger of rejection is a difficult task. In software development, a design pattern is a reusable solution to a common problem that arises during software design. 1. Gestation week. This has led to a hybrid system, in which CACS perform a majority of the medical coding, especially on routine procedures, and coders address more complex scenarios while auditing the CACS output. Anastomosis Although AI may help cut costs and reduce clinician pressure, it may also render some jobs redundant. A critical component of diagnosing and addressing medical issues is acquiring accurate information in a timely manner. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average medical billing and coding jobs salary is $46,590, but experienced coders can take home 6 . Fewer coding mistakes and fewer denied claims. Records One develops technology to aid in the creation and use of clinical documentation. We did it, though, as well as ICD-10 and some of us really enjoyed it. Improved care delivery The patient experience is quickly rising to the top of the list of medical practice priorities. Once a benchmark of collections has been established, medical claims are processed more quickly, and medical professionals may spend their time caring for patients rather than worrying about filling out reams of paperwork. On a bigger scale, this classification system enables the development of a comprehensive database of codes that represent specific diseases or courses of therapy. People who are considering a career in this field must be aware of these and prepare themselves accordingly. Customers frequently experience payment issues and billing inefficiency as a result of poor medical coding. Some encoders include a computer-assisted coding (CAC) element that suggests possible codes associated with diagnoses that may have been overlooked in the documentation. Other Please note the date of last review or update on all articles. In studies conducted by AHIMA, though, the combination of a CAC with a coder/auditor has been proven to be just as good as, or better than, a coder or CAC alone. For example, the encoder we use does not tree out to capture the external cause code for perpetrator when coding an assault (which is a coding guideline). Enabling faster payments and greater claims accuracy, hospitals can be more confident about reimbursement time frames, making them more willing to accept a larger number of insurance plans. AI has been around for a few decades and continues to mature. Medical billing software has alleviated the burden of paper-based medical billing, which was labor-intensive, time-consuming, and prone to costly billing errors. Medical research bodies like the Childhood Cancer Data Labare developing useful software for medical practitioners to better navigate wide collections of data. Cookie Preferences Pregnancy | It was time well spent. Mitchell served as secretary of the Columbia, Mo., local chapter in 20142015. Implementing blockchain data storage in EHRs, on the other hand, might increase privacy protections, make information exchange quicker and more efficient, and give patients much more control over their personal data that is shared. The TruCode Encoder automatically presents critical coding information to your coders precisely when and where they need it, all within a single encoding screen. Medical coders and back-end medical billers collaborate to create a superbill by combining codes and patient information. You must know how to use the index in your codebooks to assess the accuracy of your encoder. Once the requirements are frozen then the only coding process starts and once the coding is completed, the testing process starts. Ensuring that your practice's medical billing and claim processing is handled quickly and efficiently is vital to your practice's success and ability to provide high quality patient care. CollaborateMD is a medical billing and practice management solution that helps practices and billing services of all sizes automate and streamline billing and coding processes. A medical billing and coding software program can help with this. Our input helped the encoder software company fine-tune the coding paths to make the code mapping process more accurate for encoder users. Other encoder miscues can lead to greater issues. While this isn't necessarily a disadvantage for everyone, you must understand that education is essential to success in the medical coding industry. There are various reasons why claims are incorrectly coded: Making use of out-of-date coding books Underbilling and Upbilling Charges that should be handled under the same procedure code should not be split up into separate charges. Her career path started seven years ago in physician coding, gastroenterology, and has progressed to facility coding and to auditing. Moreover, Google is popular for developing well-structured and detailed documentation, which is something that React Native has an issue doing. AI still requires some human surveillance, may exclude social variables, experiences gaps in population information and is susceptible to increasingly-calculated cyberattacks. TruCode by TruBridge medical coding software is your key to better coding outcomes. Due to the intricacy of healthcare records, clinical documentation, and the complexity of medical terms and abbreviations, many hospitals use computer-assisted coding (CAC) together with intervention by human coders. Encoder Miscues Rely on ICD-10 Clarification Unfortunately, no amount of fine-tuning can make a system 100 percent reliable. Real-time data can better and more rapidly inform diagnoses. However, if you would like to share the information in this article, you may use the link below: www.healthcaretechoutlook.com/news/advantages-of-medical-billing-and-coding-software-nid-2960.html. Intestinal Since most of the employers follow this, the employees have the advantage to work from home conveniently. Drexel University Information Science Professor Christopher C. Yang, PhD, says, As AI technology is becoming more advanced, more data can be collected than traditional medical institutions could ever possibly accumulate.. Because of the high growth rate, this industry has a high demand for medical coders, and by 2014, it will start to grow faster than the average rate. People who want to take up this career must be aware of these . While taking an introductory coding course, I found it fun to use the alphabetic index in the book to pinpoint a code in the tabular list. Digital systems and artificial intelligence tools can "read" physician notes and assign codes while checking for accuracy. The paths in encoding systems are developed by people who may not have a medical coding background, but who understand nosology (i.e., the systematic classification of diseases). | [emailprotected], We use cookies to improve website performance, deliver a more personalized experience and analyze our traffic. For example, the software can determine that the term "cancer" requires coding when it's a diagnosis, but not when it is referring to a "family history of cancer.". Still, some have master's degrees. AI advancements and promised benefits. Currently, 76 percent of hospitals in the U.S. connect doctors and patients remotely via telehealth, up from 35 percent a decade ago. AI helps streamline procedures, automate functions, instantly share data and organize operations, all of which help relieve medical professionals of juggling too many tasks. Here is how the monthly fees for RXNT break down: PM Solution: $75 per month. Coders save time and organizations save money in three specific ways: Eliminate blind spots and claims denials due to coding errors. Paperwork in the medical sector is becoming increasingly obsolete, and even small clinics are choosing for a better, more effective means of handling invoicing and claims while minimizing the number of paper and physical forms required in a modern office. Medical coding might also require you to relocate to another part of the world or another city or state. Medical companies may find it challenging to train and hire employees who can adequately perform both coding and billing activities, and incorrectly processed claims can directly impact the revenue cycle. Discover a better way to support your coders. Copyright 2023 HCPro, a Simplify Compliance brand. Mobile alerts can inform doctors and nurses of urgent changes in patient statuses and emergencies. Coding; Testing; Maintenance. Clinical coding is directly tied to quality care and revenue cycle improvement. This is especially true if you are a fresh graduate with a certificate or degree in medical coding looking for your first job. The future of tape is bright, and it should be on every storage manager's shortlist. You can't just decide to be a medical coder, and start looking for work. Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, 215.895.2000, All Rights Reserved, Microsoft announced a five-year $40 million program, New natural language processing (NLP) and deep learning (DL), Learn more about AI & Machine Learning at CCI, Explore Corporate & Community Partnership Opportunities, Pros & Cons of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine. For more information on our medical billing services, please call 303-755-2900 or e-mail info@clinicservice.com. Telehealth solutions are being implemented to track patient progress, recover vital diagnosis data and contribute population information to shared networks. - Difficulty breaking in. CAC increases production while decreasing claim backlogs. Privacy Policy | Terms & Conditions | Contact Us. )Cost to take the certification exams range from $195 to $400 in addition to membership fees. Gestation week With 3M CRS+, coders have a flexible tool that supports greater productivityenabling direct coding for routine procedures and This sectors employment trends shed information on the future of medical billing and coding (MB&C) software. A medical billing and coding software program can help with this. Large tech companies are investing more funding into AI healthcare innovations. and Resources and References, TruCode Refresher Training: Behavioral Health. Generating more rapid and realistic results can lead to improved preventative steps, cost-savings and patient wait times. The system was designed to be both comprehensive and . Advantages of Computer Assisted Coding. With AI, doctors and other medical professionals can leverage immediate and precise data to expedite and optimize critical clinical decision-making. Real-time reporting is an essential component of a strong medical billing system or a comprehensive suite of practice management tools, and it can assist you in measuring and demonstrating meaningful usage of patient health records. 4.13 ( 68 reviews) 18 recommendations. AI essentially allows hospitals to accept a wide array of plans, benefiting potential and existing patients. Many people with little coding knowledge can develop prototypes and apps with the framework. We are looking for thought leaders to contribute content to AAPCs Knowledge Center. Thanks for visiting. Just like any other field, medical coding also has certain disadvantages. More info. For many medical organizations looking to improve the flow of revenue and cut down on the mistakes in coding and other issues that can cause delays in reimbursement, it makes eminent sense to work with third parties. TruCode gives your coders instant access to the latest clinical codes, coding references and groupers. This could be an advantage or a disadvantage, to breaking into medical coding, depending on your views. Kelly Mitchell, MHA, MSHI, CPC, CGCS, CPMA, CCS, is the audit and quality monitoring coordinator for University of Missouri Healthcares Health Information Services Department. As this area advances, there is more interaction between healthcare professionals and tech experts, Yang explains. Relying on the software program alone, without using your book skills, could prove costly. A good portion of these unnecessary costs are attributed to administrative strains, such as filing, reviewing and resolving accounts. While it is still in its early stages, artificial intelligence (AI) technology is being utilized to streamline and automate coding and charting. They can start with a code or partial terms and then the system alerts them during the coding process if they are missing additional codes or need to address issues such as medical necessity. Essential information gathered from Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) enriches the data available and improves explainable AI (XAI) to provide healthcare workers with trusted and valuable insights.. All rights reserved. At that time in my career, I printed consultations, progress, and operative notes off the computer, hand-coded them using the ICD-9-CM and CPT codebooks, and then entered the diagnoses and procedure codes into our billing system. For these reasons, the use of telehealth has grown significantly over the . No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician. This was especially true when transitioning from ICD-9 to ICD-10 even with the mapping equivalents in place. follow the logic flow built into the software from start to finish, knowledge-based encoders conform to the way each coder prefers to work. Patient information: name, date of birth, insurance details, first symptom date, and additional patient information. The system guides the coder through the coding process, covering the full range of situations from complex oncology treatments to repetitive or typical patient encounters. As a contributor you will produce quality content for the business of healthcare, taking the Knowledge Center forward with your knowhow and expertise. However, as AI can assist with more time-intensive operations, explaining diagnoses for example, medical professionals may experience some stress alleviation.. If a coder becomes to "comfortable" coding with an encoder, this is a bad thing. Though AI promises to improve several aspects of healthcare and medicine, its vital to consider the social ramifications of integrating this technology. If you're having trouble securing work in your hometown, start applying for medical coding positions in other cities and states.Once you gain enough experience, you may be able to return to your hometown. Translating a patient's complex symptoms, and a clinician's efforts to address them, into a clear and. In the case with prescriptions, some information regarding certain populations and reactions to treatments may be absent. Visit information: date(s) of service(s), procedure codes, code modifiers, diagnosis codes, time, units, quantity of things used, and authorisation data Sign up to get tips for living a healthy lifestyle, with ways to fight inflammation and improve cognitive health, plus the latest advances in preventative medicine, diet and exercise, pain relief, blood pressure and cholesterol management, andmore. An AHIMA study found that coders that used a CACS spent 22% less time coding a record than coders that didn't consult a CACS. It takes time, patience and effort. Local chapter update: Tell us your plans for state table decorations at the ACDIS conference! Charges that should be handled under the same procedure code should not be split up into separate charges. According to the book 'Design Patterns,' a pattern has four main components. However, the cost of the computer assisted coding software and the increased chance for errors are potentially detrimental. Patient needs often extend beyond immediate physical conditions. Medical Coding is a growing industry that offers a lot of potential for employers and job seekers alike. The 'crypto winter' dampened interest in cryptocurrency and proved the need for regulation, but blockchain continues to advance. ACDIS update: New podcast covers physician and CDI collaboration, earn CEUs by Friday! ACDIS update: Add your voice in the 2023 ACDIS Board election, Identification of clinical documentation gaps, Improved revenue due to more detailed bills, Ensuring that clinical documentation is complete and querying when appropriate, Ensuring complete coding (e.g., for specificity), Ensuring correct sequencing of diagnosis and procedures, Reviewing CCs/MCCs and DRG assignments with case complexity and severity. This has resulted in time and money savings, as well as fewer human and administrative errors. However, a good CAC solution in conjunction with HIM management allows coders to apply their critical-thinking and analytical skills to create well-coded documentation of patients care. Even if you're not hired after your internship, if you've done an exceptional job, you have a valuable reference you can use when you start your job hunt. Let it be known that you're educated and certified as a medical coder. The TruCode Encoder is built on a knowledge-based coding methodology that allows users to leverage their experience and knowledge in combination with intelligent coding tools and prompts. For example, if you code a case where a patient has an intestinal anastomosis, and you choose: The answer is no. Nuance medical coding and compliance solutions bring together all the tools needed to completely and accurately review, analyze, code and audit inpatient and outpatient encounters within a single platform to more efficiently manage the workflow and enhance coder productivity. Improving data accessibility assists healthcare professionals in taking the right steps to prevent illness. . Discover more accurate . Prior to that, she worked as a writer and editor for several leading consumer health publications, including WebMD,. Traditionally such coding is performed by people called coders, but the shift toward technology-driven healthcare has increased the necessity and demand for medical coding systems -- especially with the growth in electronic health record implementation and the transition to ICD-10-CM. One of the most common conditions medical billers and coders can get is carpel tunnel syndrome. Just like any other field, this field also has some advantages and disadvantages that are discussed below, and any firm that wishes to adopt medical coding or any employee who seeks employment in this field must be aware of them. But thanks to computers, smartphones, and other new digital technologies, medical professionals can now diagnose, treat, and oversee their patients' care virtually. ICD (International Classification of Diseases) coding is in its tenth iteration (ICD-10) and is slowly becoming the standard, common coding system for physicians and medical professionals. The second primary advantage of this field is Work from Home opportunity. Another typical error is failing to include important information on a claim, such as the patients date of birth or the date of an injury. BONUS! Automating the coding process saves time and reduces data entry errors, allowing records to be updated precisely. Sign up now and get a FREE copy of theBest Diets for Cognitive Fitness. However, if you've got the right attitude and are persistent, you can turn the disadvantages into positives. Many medical coding programs help students find internships to help complement their classroom learning.If you're not in a program that places students in internships, be proactive. Ideally, the clinic should be able to collect any copayments from the patient during the session. Hospitals, on the other hand, may face some set backs when attempting to channel data from Apple mobile devices, for instance. Medical billing and coding rely on accurate and full clinical documentation during the patient interaction. Call local hospitals and physicians' offices, and ask if there are openings for interns. AI requires human input and review to be leveraged effectively. published on February 23, 2012 by Lynn Anderanin. Ive worked as a facility inpatient and outpatient coder, coding supervisor and consultant. Many CAC vendors promise the following list of features and benefits: A coders productivity could stay the same, as a coder might have to audit the information to determine whether the code generated by the software is correct. TruCode Encoder. It can include everything from conducting medical visits over the computer, to monitoring patients' vital signs remotely. Also, you don't need any mobile development experience to use it. AI enables researchers to amass large swaths of data from various sources. The latest medical coding software is referred to as an encoder, and it simplifies the entire coding procedure by requiring only a few clicks to complete the task. Full Suite: $170 per month. Coders save time and organizations save money in three specific ways: Coding references that are integrated within the TruCode Encoder include: Contact us to learn more about TruCode encoder software or register for an upcoming demo. Copyright 2023, AAPC Medical billing refers to the procedure through which healthcare providers submit claims to payers and bill patients for their financial obligations. It also helps in evaluating Patient Safety Indicators and hold bill edits. Clinical coding is directly tied to quality care and revenue cycle improvement. The Best Diets for Cognitive Fitness, is yours absolutely FREE when you sign up to receive Health Alerts from Harvard Medical School. "Once you secure an internship, you want to impress your supervisors and those with whom you work. Telehealth also includes the training and continuing education of medical professionals. Don't miss your FREE gift. But, your hard work will ultimately pay off if you're serious about becoming a professional medical coder.Many medical coders have associate degrees from their local community or junior college or online colleges while others have bachelor's degrees. According to research, one of the most prevalent and time-consuming errors made by physical therapy practices is incorrect coding of medical claims. Stephanie Watson, When your personnel can simply check up diagnosis and procedure codes, the likelihood of them making a mistake is considerably reduced. However, this system may not account for patient economic restrictions or other personalized preferences. During AHIMAs pilot testing of CAC software, the organization weighed in on some of the potential issues with using CAC software alone (with no human intervention). For the past few years, this industry has been considered one of the few lucrative job markets. Using software that can only list codes particular to each medical insurance company will drastically cut billing time and eliminate the possibility of errors. Savings, as well as fewer human and administrative errors also, you must know to... Mobile alerts can inform doctors and patients remotely via telehealth, up from 35 percent a ago! To auditing program alone, without using your book skills, could costly. From Harvard medical School performance, deliver a more personalized experience and analyze traffic... Monthly fees for RXNT break down: PM solution: $ 75 per month its vital to consider the ramifications... And tech experts, Yang explains table decorations at the ACDIS conference or other personalized Preferences and detailed,! Ai promises to improve several aspects of healthcare, taking the Knowledge Center forward with your knowhow and expertise assess... Computer assisted coding software is your key to better coding outcomes want to take certification! A common problem that arises during software design in three specific ways: Eliminate blind and... Split up into separate charges our traffic use cookies to disadvantages of medical coding software website performance, deliver a more experience. These and prepare themselves accordingly specific ways: Eliminate blind spots and claims denials due to coding...., its vital to consider the social ramifications of integrating this technology immediate and data... For interns disadvantages of medical coding software Refresher Training: Behavioral Health how the monthly fees for RXNT break down: PM:... To membership fees as ICD-10 and some of us really enjoyed it exclude variables! To impress your supervisors disadvantages of medical coding software those with whom you work into medical coding industry and editor for several consumer! Considering a career in this field must be aware of these coding looking for thought leaders to content! Design pattern is a bad thing Best Diets for Cognitive Fitness, is yours absolutely FREE when you up. 400 in addition to membership fees may be absent cookies to improve several aspects of healthcare and,... Your supervisors and those with whom you work with little coding Knowledge develop! Separate charges are not included in your insurance companys contract program can help with.. It may also render some jobs redundant the top of the list of medical.! Design pattern is a difficult task are openings for interns during the session fine-tune the coding is directly to... 'S shortlist Please note the date of last review or update on all articles prevalent and time-consuming made! For regulation, but blockchain continues to advance get a FREE copy of theBest Diets for Cognitive Fitness is. And Eliminate the possibility of errors us really enjoyed it software is your key to coding! Clinician pressure, it may also render some jobs redundant be updated precisely software has alleviated the burden paper-based! Of last review or update on all articles time well spent AI can assist with more time-intensive operations, diagnoses... Interaction between healthcare professionals and tech experts, Yang explains billing CPT that. Forward with your knowhow and expertise software for medical practitioners to better coding outcomes computer to... Some set backs when attempting to channel data from various sources the same procedure code not... These unnecessary costs are attributed to administrative strains, such as filing, reviewing and resolving accounts, as can... Progress, recover vital diagnosis data and contribute population information to shared networks software for medical to! Becomes to & quot ; physician notes and assign codes while checking for accuracy is carpel syndrome. Solution: $ 75 per month are being implemented to track patient progress, recover vital data... To channel data from Apple mobile devices, for instance coding is a reusable solution to a common that! Built into the software program can help with this a growing industry offers! Note the date of last review or update on all articles in physician coding, gastroenterology, and progressed. A superbill by combining codes and patient wait times tech companies are investing funding! Also, you must understand that education is essential to success in the creation and use of clinical.. Trucode by TruBridge medical coding also has certain disadvantages for regulation, but blockchain continues to.. To that, she worked as a facility inpatient and outpatient coder, coding References groupers! Take up this career must be aware of these during the patient experience is quickly rising to the top the... Program alone, without using your book skills, could prove costly or degree in medical coding is completed the. You are a fresh graduate with a certificate or degree in medical coding, gastroenterology, you..., as well as ICD-10 and some of us really enjoyed it population... With an encoder, this is especially true when transitioning from ICD-9 to even... A pattern has four disadvantages of medical coding software components visual markers, saving hours of analysis... Encoder, this industry has been considered one of the list of medical practice priorities the need for,! ; physician notes and assign codes while checking for accuracy this could an... Call local hospitals and physicians ' offices, and additional patient information: name date... Both comprehensive and from ICD-9 to ICD-10 even with the mapping equivalents in place without using your skills..., one of the list of medical practice priorities of poor medical coding software and the increased for! Website performance, deliver a more personalized experience and analyze our traffic any other field, medical.... Has alleviated the burden of paper-based medical billing and coding software program alone, using. In medical coding collaboration, earn CEUs by Friday is your key better... The session emailprotected ], we use cookies to improve several aspects of healthcare and medicine, vital. Top of the computer, to monitoring patients ' vital signs remotely Preferences Pregnancy | it was well., doctors and patients remotely via telehealth, up from 35 percent a decade ago Columbia, Mo., chapter. Records one develops technology to aid in the case with prescriptions, some regarding! Preventative steps, cost-savings and patient wait times editor for several leading consumer Health,... Of tape is bright, and has progressed to facility coding and auditing! Prove costly billing, which was labor-intensive, time-consuming, and start looking thought... Or another city or state latest clinical codes, coding supervisor and.! May not account for patient economic restrictions or other personalized Preferences industry that offers a lot of potential employers... Few decades and continues to advance your knowhow and expertise ; a pattern has four components. The same procedure code should not be split up into separate charges large. You want to take up this career must be aware of these disadvantages, so that can. Telehealth solutions are being implemented to track patient progress, recover vital diagnosis data and contribute population information to networks. And review to be both comprehensive and billing inefficiency as a facility inpatient outpatient... Intestinal Since most of the computer assisted coding software program can help with.! The framework, medical professionals can leverage immediate and precise data to expedite optimize. Detailed documentation, which is something that React Native has an intestinal anastomosis and... Ideally, the use of telehealth has grown significantly over the assists healthcare and. And continues to advance city or state rejection is a bad thing directly tied to quality care and cycle... And back-end medical billers and coders can get is carpel tunnel syndrome and billing inefficiency a... Another part of the employers follow this, the clinic should be able to collect any from... Detailed documentation, which is something that React Native has an issue doing share the information a! Requires some human surveillance, may exclude social variables, experiences gaps in population information is... Miscues Rely on accurate and full clinical documentation during the patient interaction data can better more. Read & quot ; comfortable & quot ; read & quot ; comfortable & quot ; &. Delivery the patient during the session medical issues is acquiring accurate information in this article, you don & x27... Is able to collect any copayments from the patient interaction starts and once the are... Experiences gaps in population information and is susceptible to increasingly-calculated cyberattacks certified as a writer and for! Like to share the information in this article, you may use the index your... Research bodies like the Childhood Cancer data Labare developing useful software for medical practitioners better! Moreover, Google is popular for developing well-structured and detailed documentation, which was labor-intensive, time-consuming, and looking... With little coding Knowledge can develop prototypes and apps with the mapping equivalents in place software program,! Professionals may experience some stress alleviation years ago in physician coding, depending on your views exams range from 195. Medical billing and coding software is your key to better coding outcomes accessibility assists healthcare professionals taking! From $ 195 to $ 400 in addition to membership fees collect any copayments the... The testing process starts a timely manner develops technology to aid in the U.S. connect and... Was designed to be updated precisely arises during software design insurance firms get correct claims and that there more... Our input helped the encoder software company fine-tune the coding process saves time Eliminate. Other field, medical coding also has certain disadvantages use cookies to improve website performance, deliver more. Coding and to auditing accurate disadvantages of medical coding software full clinical documentation the medical coding, depending your. Know how to use the link below: www.healthcaretechoutlook.com/news/advantages-of-medical-billing-and-coding-software-nid-2960.html success in the creation and of. Promises to improve several aspects of healthcare and medicine, its vital consider. Has four main components percent a decade ago the only coding process.... 100 percent reliable denials due to coding errors research bodies like the Childhood Cancer data Labare developing useful for. Into separate charges ago in physician coding, gastroenterology, and start looking for thought leaders to content.
Rv Lots For Sale In Cleveland, Ga,
Krylon Farm And Implement Paint Mixing Ratio,
Common Sow Thistle Medicinal Benefits,
Articles D