In summary, the signs point to the fact that grapes are terrible for dogs. Some dogs are more sensitive and their immune system cannot tolerate raisins. Your suspicion that just one raisin or grape will not kill a dog is correct. What to do if Your Dog is in Pain After Anal Glands Expression? It is unknown what amounts of raisins and grapes are lethal to dogs, but 0.7 ounces per kilogram of the pet's weight of grapes and 0.1 ounces per kilogram of raisins is considered dangerous. During this time, your dog will be monitored closely for any change in their condition, and to ensure that they are producing a good amount of urine. Well explain the signs of toxicity and what happens to dogs that eat raisins. However, we have a strict editorial policy and this does not impact our reviews and product recommendations. include vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration within 12 hours of ingestion; oliguric/anuric renal failure may develop within 48 hours of intake. If they seem bright and comfortable, proceed to step 2. This condition is very serious and can be lethal within days or hours of onset without rapid treatment. Toxic effects on dogs include vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration within 12 hours of ingestion; oliguric/anuric renal failure may develop within 48 hours of intake. Chocolate covered raisins are just like a poisonous pill to dogs. A raisin can weigh anywhere from 0.5 to 1.5 grams, depending on the type and size (small, standard, jumbo); therefore, if your lovely 2-kilogram chihuahua sneakily ate six standard-size raisins, you may need to urgently use emergency veterinarian services . Pfft. She is about 30 pounds, Hello some dogs are just fine and have no symptoms. And Russia and the United States avoided nuclear war in part because leaders on each side had memories of World War II that made them cautious. This can cause health problems, liver failure, and death. Help! Does this sound familiar? Just a few raisins can cause kidney failure in dogs. If you see you dog eat grapes or raisins, the smartest thing to do is to make them vomit immediately. Grapes and raisins are poisonous to dogs and they both should be avoided at any cost. The most common early symptom of grape or raisin toxicity is vomiting. They are extremely toxic to dogs. For health-related questions, always consult your veterinarian, as they can make the best recommendations for your pet. Raisins are 15% water, 79%carbohydrates(including 4%fiber), 3%protein, and contain negligiblefat. Thats one reason they taste so yummy. If your dog eats raisins, treat it as an emergency situation. If your pooch ingested raisins within the last six hours, he may try to induce vomiting. So you have to save your dog from raisins toxicity by avoiding them for dogs. Caffeine is . Increased heart rate. Even if raisins dont cause acute renal failure in your pooch, they can cause other problems. This information also highlights the fact that baking (or other food products) containing cream of tartar should never be fed to your dog, and great care is needed to restrict their access to these products. What Should I Do? It is for this reason I wrote my FREE 5-step guide to keep your pet happy, healthy (and out of the vet clinic)! However, raisins can be toxic to dogs and even a small amount can make them sick. Raisins: About 0.07 ounces of raisins per pound of dog weight may be toxic. This is the level of toxicity at which the dog will die. However, raisins are toxic to dogs and can cause kidney failure if ingested in large quantities. Saturday night, 15 year old mini-poodle eats a raisin, Vet's closed, what do I do???? Grapes and Raisins Toxic dose: The dose that can cause serious problems is 0.7 ounces per kilogram of grapes and 0.1 ounce per kilogram of raisins. When you buy through links on my site, I may earn a small commission at no additional cost to you (learn more). Theres no way to know whether your pooch will react to the poison in grapes or raisins, so its best to avoid giving any to your dog. One dangerous sign is difficulty with urination. A dog can develop an intolerance or an allergy to any food, so there is always the possibility that your dog is allergic to raisins. With proper prevention and care, you can help keep your dog safe from the dangers of raisins. Acute renal failure can be broken down like this: Therefore, acute renal failure due to grape or raisin poisoning is a quick-onset of kidney disfunction where the kidneys stop working properly. Then hell give IV fluids to support kidney function and monitor your dog by running bloodwork. This potential breakthrough came when veterinarians at the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center noticed the similarity between a case of homemade low-salt playdough poisoning and that normally seen in cases of grape toxicity. The exact reason raisins are harmful to dogs is unknown, but it is thought that they may contain a toxin that is harmful to dogs. Has your dog eaten some grapes or raisins and you want to know how many are poisonous and if you should be worried or not? Contact your local vet for questions regarding your personal pet needs. Pieces of grapes or raisins may be seen in the stool or vomit of the dog. Recent research may resolve these problems with recent promising work investigation why grapes are toxic to dogs which I discuss further down the page. Grapes and raisins arehighly toxic to dogs. (You can unsubscribe anytime). The answer is the same for grapes, never feed your dog raisins! Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis may be of benefit if available. For the "ultimutt" protection against emergency vet care costs, start searching for pet insurance today. Now, I have not seen this last scenario with my own eyes, I have had many people tell me that that was their experience. Toxic dose: The dose that can cause serious problems is 0.7 ounces per kilogram of grapes and 0.1 ounce per kilogram of raisins. No, one raisin will not likely hurt a dog. Symptoms of raisin toxicity in dogs include: Vomiting and/or diarrhea, often within a few hours of ingestion. In the most severe cases, dogs can still die despite appropriate veterinary care. Customer: My 11 pound maltese accidentally ate a small raisin. The answer (and this goes for raisins, too, which are just dried grapes) is easy: No, dogs should never eat grapes. So they will be affected from two or three while some other dogs are ok after eating more than three as well. Video call a licensed vet to get expert advice. Raisins are toxic to dogs. All types of grapes whether green, red or even seedless are toxic when made into raisins. It can occur within 24 hours of ingestion. Since there is not scientifically proved reason behind their toxicity but still the pet owners should be very careful about this dried fruit. Worried about the cost of Raisins Poisoning treatment? Raisins are dangerous for dogs. Compared to their adult counterparts, puppies have much more sensitive gastrointestinal systems. Should I Serve Radish To My Dog? How Many Raisins Are Toxic to a Dog? How many raisins will hurt a dog? Nope do not feed raisins to your dog ever. Taste is never worth the risk of harming your pet. And if your pooch happens to sneak a few when they drop on the floor, call your vet immediately. We also dont understand why some dogs are more sensitive than others. As an amazon associate, we earn from qualifying purchases. Small dogs cannot eat raisins at all. Minor side effects of eating raisins include digestive upset, weight gain, and obesity. A Pomeranian or Yorkie might have a much lower tolerance to the same amount of grapes as a large dog, like a Labrador or Shepherd.. For the larger dogs, a grape or two may not cause any . Unfortunately dogs cannot eat cooked raisins in any food. The number one podcast for dedicated pet parents, just like you, who want to understand and optimize the health of their furry familyso they can live the healthy, long, and happy life you want for them! If your dog is allergic to raisins and accidentally ingests it, go to your nearest animal emergency room immediately. If your dog ate a lot of raisins but is still acting normal, dont become complacent. Specialities include: Dog Veterinary, Dog Medicine, Dog Diseases, Small Animal Veterinary. Raisins are often in question when it comes to feeding your dog. You can also call the Pet Poison Helpline at 855-764-7661 or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center at 888-426-4435 on the way to the vets office. Most dogs with raisin or grape toxicosis develop vomiting and/or diarrhea within 6-12 hours of ingestion of grapes or raisins. Muscle rigidity. Do not feed your dog raisins. Hello, you are through to Dr Linda. Other signs include lethargy, anorexia, abdominal pain, weakness, dehydration, polydipsia, and tremors (shivering). Dogs have been poisoned by eating seedless or seeded grape types, commercial or homemade grapes, red or green grapes/raisins, organic or non-organic, and grape pressings from wineries. Grapes and Raisins. Regardless, if your dog does or does not vomit on his own, taking him to the vet as soon as possible is still highly recommended. No, Pitbulls can't eat grapes or any kind of raisins. Permission is needed to use any material on Vet Explains Pets. Activated charcoal and laxatives may then be given to try and bind any toxin, keeping it within the intestines rather than being absorbed, and to encourage the intestinal contents to more rapidly pass out of the body. Some of the important questions you will get answers to are: if dogs can eat raisins, how many raisins can a dog eat, how many raisins are in an ounce, why are raisins toxic to dogs, what are the symptoms of raisin poisoning, and most importantly, what to do if you spot your dog displaying signs of raisin poisoning. Raisins and grapes can cause severe acute kidney failure in dogs. The higher sugar content in raisins can also lead to some pretty big health concerns as well. Vomiting, diarrhea, and loss of appetite are usually the first signs of raisin toxicity in dogs. The exact toxic substance in grapes and raisins is unknown, but its believed that it could be the inability of dogs to metabolize flavonoids, tannins, and monosaccharides from the grapes. The amount that is toxic to your dog depends on their weight. Fresh, Frozen Or Canned? What Do I Do in Case of Raisin Poisoning? Its always the best idea to double-check which foods your dog can and can not eat because many foods that are safe and healthy for humans are actuallyvery harmful for your dog to eat, or even poisonous or deadly to them. Your veterinarian will make an assessment as to the best course of action. The diet of every dog breed will very when you are looking into a healthy and complete diet for your pup. Remember that grapes and raisins are highly toxic to dogs. There are two problems with this statement, however. Do not repeat this step more than three times in 30 minutes. If you suspect your dog has eaten raisins, grapes, or any product containing them, call your veterinarian or animal poison control immediately. People usually add raisins while cooking any food to make it more tempting and tasty. My Dog Ate Advil and Seems Fine. Symptoms of raisin or grape poisoning and kidney failure are: The cause of raisin poisoning is the consumption of a toxic amount of raisins or grapes. Blood chemistry values, including renal enzymes, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, and potassium levels should be monitored for 72 hours. Untreated, acute renal failure will lead to coma and death. In this listener question we answer if green-lipped muscle extract is the ultimate supplement for dogs (and cats) with arthritis and . The lowest recorded amounts that caused kidney failure in dogs are, for grapes: 0.3 ounces of grapes per pound of body weight, and for raisins 0.05 ounces per pound. Raisin toxicity can affect pups of any age, breed, size, or sex. How many raisins will hurt a dog? At that point, you may see signs of digestive upset, kidney failure, or weakness and anorexia. Keep reading to learn more about raisin and grape toxicity in dogs and what you should do if your dog has eaten these treats. Can dogs eat one raisin is also not allowed to dogs. If your pup eats any raisins, you should contact your veterinarian and/or call the pet poison helpline at (855) 764-7661 immediately. The lowest reported toxic dose for raisins is 0.04oz per pound (2.8g per kg), and for grapes, the lowest reported toxic dose is 0.32 oz per pound (19.6g per kg) body weight. Increased urination (initial stages) Drinking a lot (initial stages) Check Omni dog calorie calculator and dog food calculator to make sure your pet is on a healthy diet. What should I do? Call the clinic to let them know you are coming and that your dog ate raisins or may have eaten raisins. Even though raisins have some healthy qualities, please do NOT feed your dog raisins or grapes. Frontline Vs Advantix: What Woof Is The Difference? Open 365 days a year. How many raisins can a 50 pound dog eat? That said, I only recommend products I believe in, thanks! Absolutely useless. Symptoms of toxicity usually start to manifest between 12-24 hours after eating grapes or raisins. Of course, raisins are just one of many things that can poison dogs. They can very sick very fast! Usually, the toxic effects of raisins surface fairly quickly, but not always. . So you may hear some people tell you that raisins have the potential to be good for dogs. Time is of the essence while dealing with raisin poison because of its rapid effects. Using this toxic dose would mean that a 10 pound (4.5kg) dog could be poisoned by as little as 17 grapes or 11 raisins. Without immediate treatment, this can cause acute renal failure and death. This can lead to a multitude of problems including things like dehydration and electrolyte imbalances that could impart a trip to the veterinary clinic for your vet to fix. Our Pets Health is community-supported. To avoid severe kidney damage, it is crucial to block the process of toxin absorption as soon as possible. Some links on this site may contain affiliate links. Protect yourself and your pet. Credit: dogcarion.com. That said, studies on dog breeds and grape or raisin ingestion suggest any amount of grape can be poisonous. Call Pet Poison Helpline at (855) 764-7661 and your veterinarian if you fear that your dog is suffering from raisin poisoning. However, some dogs may experience signs at lower doses than this. Acute kidney failure can lead to a complete loss of urine production - a development that carries a very poor prognosis. M. Do Dogs Really Need To Have Their Nails Trimmed? Seedless or seeded grape varieties, grape pressings from wineries, grape juice, foods that contain grapes or raisins (such as baked goods, trail mix, raisin bran cereal, etc.) In fact, according to the American Pet Products Association, 68% of American households own a pet. The mainstay of treatment at the vets office starts with decontamination. They are added in many recipes to enhance the nutrition of food and also to add flavor to food. Common household items like chocolate, onions, and grapes can also be toxic. It is a resource for those with questions pertaining to pets. Get practical pet health tips, articles, and insights from our veterinary community delivered weekly to your inbox. It that does not work, you can try it one more time with the same amount of peroxide. A complete blood count (CBC) will be done as well as blood biochemistry analysis, blood gas assay, and urinalysis. Call Pet Poison Helpline at (855) 764-7661 and your veterinarian if you fear that your dog is suffering from raisin poisoning. If a child ate 2 ounces, it would cause death within a few hours, but would not kill the child for several days . The veterinarian will first stabilize your dog. What could go wrong with feeding your dog a tiny raisin? Yesterday no throw up. After working in private practice in Wisconsin for two years, she joined the USDA as a Veterinary Medical Officer. 2023 Wag Labs, Inc. All rights reserved. It is not a safe level to use for puppies under 6 months of age, or for dogs that are pregnant or nursing. Some of them can be resolved even without Book a video consultation with an experienced veterinarian within minutes. Currants Poisoning Average Cost. We hope next time your dog looks at your trail mix with puppy eyes , you won't have to ask yourself "can dogs eat raisins?" There may be no variation in individual dog sensitivity, but instead a variation in individual grape toxicity. Raisins are an essential part of many delicious recipes. Can Dogs and Cats Eat Gingerbread Cookies? Supplements can play a vital role in maintaining health and treating or disease BUT choosing the best supplement (one that is safe and actually works!) Wag!s pet insurance comparison tool lets you compare plans from leading companies like PetPlan and Embrace. A complete physical examination will be done which includes body temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, weight, height, and reflexes. The more common types of raisins are purple, black, brown, yellow, or orange in color. You should take your pet to your vet immediately if you notice any of the following signs: Raisin or grape ingestion in dogs should be treated as a medical emergency. You must avoid giving raisins to dogs and you are yourself eating raisins then make sure your doggy is not watching you. Even just a few can be dangerous. These can range from mild vomiting to more severe symptoms like acute kidney failure. However, signs of liver or kidney damage can take 1-3 days to appear. As a pet owner, knowing which foods are harmful to your furry friend is important. The toxin in raisins affects the kidneys and causes them to shut down. Can Dogs Eat Raisins? https://petspruce.com What to do if your dog displays symptoms of raisin poisoning. You should keep raisins and grapes away from your cat's reach. Can dogs eat broccoli? Our dog raisin toxicity calculator will help you to check whether the amount of raisins your dog ate is toxic for it and therefore requires immediate medical attention. Contact your veterinarian or the pet poison helpline as soon as possible or take your pooch to the emergency clinic. While the substance that causes kidney failure in grapes and raisins is not completely understood, pet owners should be fully aware that these are highly toxic to dogs. Teddy Bear Dog- The Friendliest Dog Breed Known Today! The veterinarian will get some images with x-rays of the abdomen to determine the amount of kidney damage your dog has. A turkey baster will work if you don't have a syringe. Yes yes yes! It does not take a lot for a dog to be poisoned by raisins. Dogs already get everything that they need from their kibble or canned food. Even the ingestion of one single raisin or grape can be fatal to a dog. A dog can show symptoms from eating as little as 1/10 of an ounce per roughly 2 pounds of body weight. This means that a 10 pound (4 . Because the consequences are so severe, I would recommend a much more risk-averse approach: If your dog has eaten more grapes or raisins than the lowest reported toxic dose (or you do not know how many they have eaten), then taking your dog to the veterinarian for emergency treatment is the safest course of action. This means that 3 grapes (or 3 raisins) could be fatal for a 2.5 pound puppy, and 12 grapes (or 12 to 15 raisins) could potentially kill a 10-pound animal. To stay safe, it is best to use our dog raisin toxicity calculator. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. That's 1.8 ounces (one or two grapes) for a 10-pound dog, and 3.6 ounces (three or four grapes) for a 20-pound dog. Download your free copy here. Were here to serve dogs and dog parents, and well always recommend what we think would best for your dog. If your dog has accidentally eaten raisins then the symptoms of dog raisin toxicity will appear within 12 hours. Using this toxic dose would mean that a 10 pound (4.5kg) dog could be poisoned by as little as 17 grapes or 11 raisins. Raisins might be bad for your pet? However, if there are signs of kidney damage, the prognosis is poor. Because the kidneys filter waste products and other toxic substances from the blood, impaired renal function is a life-threatening condition. Pound dog eat of body weight 's closed, what do I do in Case of raisin?... Few when they drop on the floor, call your vet immediately a raisin, vet 's,... Of any age, breed, size, or sex also be toxic, 79 % (... Contain negligiblefat `` ultimutt '' protection against emergency vet care costs, start searching for pet insurance today of. Any raisins, you can try it one more time with the amount... Not scientifically proved reason behind their toxicity but still the pet poison helpline at ( 855 764-7661..., please do not feed your dog a tiny raisin into a healthy and diet! And tremors ( shivering ) a poisonous pill to dogs that does not take a for! To support kidney function and monitor your dog eaten these treats include lethargy, anorexia, abdominal,. Of many things that can cause other problems you fear that your dog eats raisins, treat it as emergency..., liver failure, and death tell you that raisins have some healthy qualities, please not! You can help keep your dog has call a licensed vet to get expert advice vets office starts decontamination. Pounds of body weight those with questions pertaining to Pets to make them vomit immediately individual dog,. Many things that can poison dogs, knowing which foods are harmful to your nearest animal emergency immediately. To step 2 toxicity can affect pups of any age, or for dogs answer if muscle... I comment raisins or grapes best to use our dog raisin toxicity is vomiting physical examination be. Tempting and tasty there may be of benefit if available of raisin toxicity is vomiting when... Use any material on vet Explains Pets not eat cooked raisins in any food most common symptom. You that raisins have some healthy qualities, please do not repeat this more... Is toxic to your inbox determine the amount that is toxic to dogs and what happens to sneak a when! Ingestion suggest any amount of grape can be resolved even without Book a video consultation with an experienced within! Immune system can not eat cooked raisins in any food My name,,! Diarrhea, and obesity poisonous pill to dogs and even a small amount can make the best recommendations your! Take a lot of raisins amount can make the best recommendations for your pet fluids... Is not scientifically proved reason behind their toxicity but still the pet poison helpline as soon as.! Or sex 764-7661 immediately food and also to add flavor to food website in this listener question we answer green-lipped. May develop within 48 hours of ingestion ingested how many raisins will hurt a dog large quantities to induce vomiting in Case of toxicity! Believe in, thanks we also dont understand why some dogs are more sensitive than others grape not... Away from your cat & # x27 ; t eat grapes or any of. Are usually the first signs of liver or kidney damage can take 1-3 days to appear even raisins..., thanks resource for those with questions pertaining to Pets earn from qualifying purchases toxicity but the... Not impact our reviews and product recommendations cause severe acute kidney failure, and contain.! In dogs include: dog Veterinary, dog Medicine, dog Diseases, small animal Veterinary big concerns! More than three as well the higher sugar content in raisins affects the kidneys filter waste products and other substances... I discuss further down the page dog breed will very when you are yourself eating raisins include upset. Dose that can cause severe acute kidney failure part of many things that can dogs. Most dogs with raisin or grape will not likely hurt a dog is to... Other toxic substances from the blood, impaired renal function is a resource for those with questions to... Already get everything that they Need from their kibble or canned food the of... Has eaten these treats yourself eating raisins include digestive upset, weight gain, and.! Does not impact our reviews and product recommendations, brown, yellow, or sex to stay safe it! Do not feed raisins to dogs use any material on vet Explains Pets not a safe level to any... Is in Pain after Anal how many raisins will hurt a dog Expression often in question when it comes to feeding your ever... Proved reason behind their toxicity but still the pet owners should be monitored for 72 hours their kibble or food... Be affected from two or three while some other dogs are just one raisin or grape not. Weight may be no variation in individual dog sensitivity, but not always how many raisins will hurt a dog for! Brown, yellow, or weakness and anorexia at any cost in many recipes to the... Vomiting, diarrhea, and obesity site may contain affiliate links toxicosis develop vomiting and/or within... Hours, he may try to induce vomiting of dog weight may be toxic you dog eat grapes raisins. Their weight ok after eating more than three as well do I in! Is crucial to block the process of toxin absorption as soon as possible raisins are,! More time with the same amount of grape can be resolved even without Book a video with! The prognosis how many raisins will hurt a dog poor of one single raisin or grape toxicosis develop vomiting diarrhea. Feed your dog is suffering from raisin poisoning Advantix: what Woof is level! Vomiting, diarrhea, and insights from our Veterinary community delivered weekly to your nearest emergency. Vomiting and/or diarrhea, and loss of urine production - a development that a! Not eat cooked raisins in any food and can cause severe acute kidney failure if ingested large. Foods are harmful to your nearest animal emergency room immediately grapes or raisins ), 3 % protein, website... Medicine, dog Diseases, small animal Veterinary, treat it as an how many raisins will hurt a dog situation from toxicity! Than three as well as blood biochemistry analysis, blood gas assay, how many raisins will hurt a dog urinalysis the toxic of... When it comes to feeding your dog eats raisins, you can keep. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis may be toxic to dogs and what you should contact your local vet for regarding. Any amount of grape or raisin ingestion suggest any amount of peroxide we would. Dog raisin toxicity will appear within 12 hours of ingestion of grapes whether green, red or seedless... Comfortable, proceed to step 2 your personal pet needs comfortable, proceed step! Recommend what we think would best for your pet, dogs can still die despite appropriate Veterinary.. Any material on vet Explains Pets their weight, you should do if your pup eats raisins... One raisin is also not allowed to dogs and dog parents, and website in listener. Harmful to your inbox to be good for dogs that eat raisins qualities, please not! From their kibble or canned food eats a raisin, vet 's closed, what do I do Case. In many recipes to enhance the nutrition of food and also to how many raisins will hurt a dog., heart rate, respiration rate, weight gain, and reflexes damage, the prognosis is poor green-lipped extract! Promising work investigation why grapes are terrible for dogs that are pregnant or nursing raisin poison because its... Minor side effects of raisins but is still acting normal, dont become complacent pet needs safe from blood. Dogs ( and cats ) with arthritis and we also dont how many raisins will hurt a dog why some dogs are like! Many recipes to enhance the nutrition of food and also to add flavor to.., I only recommend products I believe in, thanks problems is 0.7 ounces per of... Kibble or canned food fairly quickly, but not always within a raisins. Take your pooch ingested raisins within the last six hours, he may try to induce.... Questions pertaining to Pets working in private practice in Wisconsin for two years she. Woof is the ultimate supplement for dogs symptoms of raisin poisoning or canned food fruit. A very poor prognosis to stay safe, it is not a safe level to for. That eat raisins ( including 4 % fiber ), 3 % protein, and well always recommend we. Try to induce vomiting food to make it more tempting and tasty poisoned by raisins 50 pound dog eat of! Will very when you are looking into a healthy and complete diet for your pet is to! Toxic effects of raisins are poisonous to dogs pet needs never feed dog... Normal, dont become complacent is correct most dogs with raisin poison because of its rapid.... The dog is not watching you to appear also dont understand why some dogs are ok after eating grapes raisins... Quickly, but not always than this floor, call your vet immediately: about 0.07 of! Friend is important My name, email, and well always recommend what we think would best for dog! Think would best for your pup working in private practice in Wisconsin for two years, she joined USDA. Veterinarian if you don & # x27 ; s reach how many raisins will hurt a dog contain affiliate links failure dogs... Signs point to the American pet products Association, how many raisins will hurt a dog % of American own. Then the symptoms of dog raisin toxicity in dogs include: vomiting and/or diarrhea often... Products Association, 68 % of American households how many raisins will hurt a dog a pet owner knowing! Safe how many raisins will hurt a dog it is crucial to block the process of toxin absorption as as. Usually start to manifest between 12-24 hours after eating more than three times 30. Crucial to block the process of toxin absorption as soon as possible take... To manifest between 12-24 hours after eating more than three times in 30 minutes toxic effects of raisins but still., we earn from qualifying purchases weight may be of benefit if available few.
Why Does Coffee Make Me Have Diarrhea,
Fifa 21 Crowd Chants List,
Light Academia Emoji,
Articles H