In other words, no, carbonated water is not bad for you, per the Mayo Clinic. If you notice stomach pains, vomiting or diarrhea due to excess drinking of water, get yourself checked by a doctor and take the necessary precautions. 4. Thank you for the information, Nancy. Alkaline water also causes stabbing pains in the urinary tract and bladder due to high amounts of alkaline minerals. Summary of the Safe Drinking Water Act. Supplementing hens diets with carbonated water for 6 weeks led to increased leg bone strength compared with tap water (19). Minerals that are often present in mineral water include: Unlike tap water, mineral water is bottled at the source. In a controlled study in 19 healthy young women, fullness scores were higher after the participants drank 8 ounces (250 ml) of soda water, compared with after drinking still water (13). Carbonated water has benefits for digestion. The fresh flowing water that spills over the sides of the bathing pool is called gensen kakinagashi (water flowing from the source), and it is this kind of hot spring with a constant flow of . (2016). What's more, aim to drink beverages that don't contain additives like sugar or caffeine. But sometimes, this water encounters fault line or crack, and pressure underground forces it quickly back up to the surface. Materials used.PVC Foam board for the wall.25mm PVC p. Interestingly, a carbonated drink may even enhance digestion by improving swallowing ability and reducing constipation. They did, however, find PFAS in sparkling and seltzer water. A large observational study in over 2,500 people found that cola was the only beverage associated with significantly lower bone mineral density. In this experiment, the skin moisture content was significantly . What are the benefits of drinking lime water? Sugar-sweetened carbonated beverages can erode tooth enamel, but plain carbonated water appears relatively harmless. Drinking untreated water from natural sources, such as bores, rivers and springs (including mineral springs), can lead to illnesses including gastroenteritis. In particular, research is needed to answer other claims made by alkaline water supporters. This makes mineral water a convenient way for people who don't consume dairy to get a little extra calcium in their diet. In fact, up to 40 percent of all bottled water actually comes from tap water, regardless of what it says on the bottle label. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. [5] John Staughton is . Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. However, in my experience, bottled spring water is another story because you never really know the quality of water youre gettingor if its even spring water! Apart from seltzer water, carbonated waters usually have salt added to improve their taste. Radionuclides can contaminate private wells through groundwater flow, waste water seepage and flooding. Some sources have more or less magnesium than others. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. This claim may have to do with the fact that certain ingredients found in colas, namely caffeine and phosphorous, might negatively affect your bone density, per the National Osteoporosis Foundation. The alkaline in alkaline water refers to its pH level. Some people prefer mineral water due to its perceived purity and the lack of chemical disinfection treatments. 7 Science-Based Health Benefits of Drinking Enough Water, 7 Benefits of Cucumber Water: Stay Hydrated and Healthy. People in the U.S. can check the EPAs water quality reports by state. Mineral water contains calcium, which helps promote bone strength. 2023 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK. Copy and paste it, adding a note of your own, into your blog, a Web page, forums, a blog comment, your Facebook account, or anywhere that someone would find this page valuable. Recent reports out of Harvard, Chicago's School of Public Health, and other medical science institutions have also found that certain chemicals found in plastic, such as phthalates and bisphenol A (which you may often hear called "BPA"), can act as toxins within the body that are associated with certain cancers, such as breast cancer and liver . Alkaline water is somewhat controversial. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. They often do not hydrate the body well. (2009). Carbonated water may have beneficial effects on your cholesterol, inflammation, and blood sugar levels, potentially reducing your risk of heart disease. People with cardiovascular disorders should seek medical advice before entering into hot springs waters. Another side effect of drinking too much water is stomach irritation. This was attributed to beverages that replaced milk in their diet, resulting in inadequate calcium intake (17). If you are looking to drink fluoride-free water, invest in a water filtration system (either whole-home or portable) that can filter it out. Drinking carbonated mineral water may cause some tooth erosion, but not to the same extent as sugar-sweetened beverages such as sodas. Alkaline water has a higher pH level than regular drinking water. For instance, in a small study of 19 people AFAB, those who drank carbonated water (versus tap or no beverage at all) after an overnight fast recorded feeling fuller and having greater satiety, according to a January 2013 study in the Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology. That amount doesn't seem like a lot, but most adults already consume too much sodium in their daily diets more than 3,400 milligrams per day, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). And is it any better than your favorite soda? (2018). Carbonated mineral water contains carbonic acid, which can cause hiccups or bloating. Studies show that mineral water can be as good a source of calcium as milk is! Their research also showed bottled water contained about 50% more microplastics than tap water. Many people who drink spring water do so because the water has such a clean, refreshing taste that is unequaled by other waters. PFAS are a class of chemicals also known as "forever chemicals" because they don't break down and can build up in your body and the environment. The results of a large-scale 2014 cohort study suggested that older women with a high magnesium intake, of more than 422.5 mg per day, had more bone density than those with a lower intake of the mineral. This is exactly what I've been wanting to know! If available, I would happily drink spring water from a local reliable source, but my healthiest drinking water choice at this time is ionized alkaline water. It isn't bad to drink sparkling water in fact, it's a good idea to sip sparkling water if it helps you stay hydrated. Carbonated water is water that has been infused with carbon dioxide gas under pressure. Whats more, participants reported a 58% decrease in constipation symptoms (14). However, more studies are necessary. Scientists have identified microplastics in foods and drinks, as well as seafood products, beer, and table salt. This is a detailed review of the alkaline diet, including foods to eat and avoid and an in-depth look at the science behind it. You see, during the winter, that lid of ice on a lake keeps any wind from . People who want to buy mineral water can find it in supermarkets or choose from brands online. It has made so much difference to our digestive systems and recovery every day. Mineral water may contain large amounts of calcium, magnesium, and potassium, all of which promote blood circulation. What is the pH level of tea? Researchers in Japan conducted a small 2018 study that suggested that drinking alkaline electrolyzed water slightly improved stool in 60 participants. See additional information. I appreciate it. Many people enjoy collecting and drinking "natural" spring water from springs scattered across north Georgia. A 2014 study cautions against drinking water with low mineral content, which is created by reverse osmosis, distillation, and other methods (without additional mineralization) on a regular basis. It also relaxes the intestinal muscles, supporting regular bowel movements. ", Cleveland Clinic: "Is Sparkling Water Good for You? Springs and the Water Cycle. People who experience constipation may find that drinking sparkling water helps relieve their symptoms. (2004). Also check your well after flooding or if you suspect a problem (for example, a change in taste or smell). and 30 min post-DHR. Koufman JA, et al. Tap water contains added minerals, including calcium, magnesium, and potassium. Fluoride can be present in many aquifers and can be found in private wells. While carbonation is not inherently bad for you and it is not bad to drink a lot of sparkling water, if you find that sipping seltzer leads to uncomfortable side effects like gas or bloating, it may be best to scale back on fizzy drinks or opt for still water instead, per the Cleveland Clinic. Here are the disadvantages of sparkling water to be aware of. One study in 18 postmenopausal women showed that drinking sodium-rich carbonated water decreased LDL (bad) cholesterol, inflammatory markers, and blood sugar. PFASs are also known to affect growth, learning, and behavior in infants and older children. Sierra Springs. Added sugar provides extra calories to your diet without contributing any nutrients. Authors of a 2017 study compared how the body absorbs calcium from milk, calcium supplements, and mineral water. There are some other rumored consequences to drinking sparkling water. Theres no reason to give up this beverage if you enjoy it. Alkaline water can be bought in many grocery or health food stores. Carbonated water may have beneficial effects on your cholesterol, inflammation, and blood sugar levels, potentially reducing your risk of heart disease. Potential benefits of pH 8.8 alkaline drinking water as an adjunct in the treatment of reflux disease. Makers of ionizers say that electricity is used to separate molecules in the water that are more acidic or more alkaline. Acidity in Tea: pH Levels, Effects, and More. In fact, sugar-sweetened beverages are the main source of added sugars in the American diet, and they're associated with overweight and obesity, Type 2 diabetes, heart and kidney diseases, tooth decay and a type of arthritis called gout, according to the CDC. Whats more, they also experienced an increase in HDL (good) cholesterol (20). Carbonated (sparkling) water is water that has been infused with carbon dioxide gas. Your article and findings are very helpful, referring to dehydration." However, drinking an acidic beverage like carbonated water does not make your body more acidic. Water utilities must also provide their customers with an annual drinking water quality report called the Consumer Confidence Report. Hard tap water has higher mineral contents, which some consider more healthful. Then, stir the mixture until all the ingredients dissolve fully. By definition, mineral water must contain a minimum quantity of microbes. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. Fenugreek Water Side Effects . Some varieties of sparkling water also have sodium. The researchers proposed that the cola drinkers may have been consuming too much phosphorus and insufficient calcium, providing a potential risk factor for bone loss. These include: They also argue that soft drinks, which are notoriously acidic, have very positive ORPs, which lead to many health problems, while properly ionized and alkalinized waters have highly negative ORPs. 12Biloxi's annual Black Spring Break is planned for April 13-16 but rainy weather, construction and beach water contact advisories could impact the big tourism weekend. They are often carbonated as well. This article explains the differences between club soda, seltzer, and sparkling and tonic waters, plus which, Diet soda has been claimed to have negative effects on health. Daily ingestion of alkaline electrolyzed water containing hydrogen influences human health, including gastrointestinal symptoms. The sugar-sweetened carbonated and non-carbonated beverages resulted in significantly greater enamel loss than their diet counterparts (5). Another study showed that the combination of cold temperature and carbonation strengthened these beneficial effects (10). The next sections discuss five potential benefits of drinking mineral water. Regular exercise and diets rich in calcium can strengthen bones and prevent bone loss. Unlike carbonated water and clear soda, cola drinks contain a lot of phosphorus. Consider how the filter fits your home, lifestyle, and budget, A Guide to Drinking Water Treatment Technologies for Household Use, Drinking Water Treatment and Sanitation for Backcountry & Travel Use, Information for Public Health & Medical Professionals, Water, Sanitation, & Environmentally-related Hygiene, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, People who have weakened immune systems, such as people living with HIV, getting chemotherapy treatment, or taking transplant medications, Fertilizers, pesticides, or other chemicals that have been applied to land near the water, Concentrated feeding operations (large industrial animal farms), Rocks and soil that naturally have chemicals and minerals such as arsenic, radon, and uranium, Cracks in water pipes or other problems in the distribution system. (2012). According to a recent study, sparkling water manufactured by a soda carbonator significantly reduced enamel hardness on teeth in a laboratory setting. However, many people who drink alkaline water buy alkaline water thats been through a chemical process called electrolysis. Furthermore, if the calcium concentration surpasses 100 ppm, the water will taste "funny.". In one study, 16 healthy people were asked to repeatedly swallow different liquids. In one study, carbonated beverages showed strong potential to destroy enamel but only if they contained sugar. How Viagra became a new 'tool' for young men, Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction, 250 parts per million of total dissolved solids, 1 milligram per liter (mg/l) to more than 120 mg/l, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3992968/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5334415/, https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=165.110&SearchTerm=bottled%20water, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6045762/, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652616311234, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28628402, https://synapse.koreamed.org/DOIx.php?id=10.11149/jkaoh.2015.39.4.273&vmode=PUBREADER, https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-HealthProfessional/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3953885/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC535900/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5702778/, https://www.epa.gov/wqs-tech/state-specific-water-quality-standards-effective-under-clean-water-act-cwa, https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-safe-drinking-water-act, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19440049.2018.1543957?journalCode=tfac20&, https://www.bones.nih.gov/health-info/bone/bone-health/what-is-bone, Bariatric surgery can treat complications in people with obesity and diabetes. Take club soda, for instance often used as a mixer for alcoholic drinks, club soda usually has added minerals, including potassium and sodium, per the Cleveland Clinic. Medical News Today only shows you brands and products that we stand behind. Spring is providing 10L per minute. Sore Muscles: Drinking alkaline water can also result in sore muscles due to an imbalance caused in the pH level of the body. From this evidence, recommendations regarding practice and future research can be made on the therapeutic role of Carbonated water is acidic, but your body should maintain a stable, slightly alkaline pH no matter what you consume. 8. Introduction. These regulations limit the number of contaminants present in water supplied to homes. But can carbonated water cause stomach pain or other side effects? In June 2015, 14 brands of bottled water were voluntarily recalled following a potential E.coli contamination after a water bottling company that supplied the brands discovered that one of its spring water sources tested positive for the bacteria. We look at the research. Relax at a primitive, remote hot spring, great for improving physical ailments. We discuss the differences between tap water and mineral water below. Sparkling waters appear to have a pH that ranges from about 4.18 to 5.87, per a January 2018 study in The Korean Journal of Orthodontics, though other research suggests even lower levels. Mineral water rich in magnesium may therefore help lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, you should use caution with artificial alkaline water, which likely contains fewer good minerals than its high pH would have you believe and may contain contaminants. Carbonated water can also cause stomach pain, gas and belching for the same reason, according to the Mayo Clinic. Alkaline water must also contain alkaline minerals and negative oxidation-reduction potential (ORP). Though it offers relief from potentially scalding, it is cool enough to support the growth of pathogens and . If youre concerned about dental health, try drinking sparkling water with a meal or rinsing your mouth with plain water after drinking it. However, mineral water may undergo some processing. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. Can eating too many acidic foods cause you issues? And those bubbles in your carbonated water are an added gas. Medical experts warn against believing all the marketing claims. A small-scale 2004 study involving 70 adults with borderline hypertension and low magnesium levels found that drinking 1 liter of mineral water per day decreased their blood pressure. According to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), mineral water must contain at least 250 parts per million of total dissolved solids. Owners of private wells are responsible for testing their water to make sure it is safe to drink. One major issue surrounding mineral water involves the container. Harmful germs and chemicals can get in the water from many sources, including: Get more information about specific germs and chemicals that most commonly get into water and cause disease, and how to remove them: Unlike public drinking water supplies, private wells are not regulated by EPA. However, minerals in hard water form deposits that can corrode pipes or restrict the flow. Just how acidic your carbonated water is isn't exactly something you can discover on the nutrition facts panel. Rylander, R., & Arnaud, M. J. Soaking in hot water of mineral springs causes a rise in heart rate. Despite its acidic pH, some people say lemon juice has alkalizing effects in the body. We include products we think are useful for our readers. People with hot tub lung may experience flu-like symptoms, including cough, trouble breathing, fever and fatigue. However, mineral water and other bottled water may contain specific contaminants. In a study in 72 people who felt a persistent need to clear their throats, drinking ice-cold carbonated water led to improvements in 63% of participants. Large quantities of sulfur in drinking water can contribute to diarrhea, which leads to dehydration. The germs and chemicals can get in the water at its source (for example, ground water or water from lakes or rivers) or while water is traveling through the distribution system, after the water treatment plant has already removed germs and chemicals from source water. Carbonated water may also extend feelings of fullness after meals to a greater extent than plain water. What is alkaline water and is it safe to drink? EPA requires water utilities to test for and address many germs and chemicals in their drinking water systems. What are the benefits of drinking hot water? CO2 helps prevent oxidation and limits bacterial growth in mineral water. Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. About 70 cases of hot tub lung have been reported in the medical literature . Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. ", American Journal of Clinical Nutrition: "A randomized trial to assess the potential of different beverages to affect hydration status: development of a beverage hydration index", Mayo Clinic: "Carbonated Water - Is it bad for you if you drink it every day? Photo by: Jeff Moser. Thank you for this share" by Andy, "Thank you for the information, Nancy. Of the body and prevent bone loss we update our articles when new information becomes.. Rinsing your mouth with plain water body absorbs calcium from milk, calcium supplements, and potassium, of... In other words, no, carbonated water is not bad for you ice on lake... Milk in their diet, resulting in inadequate calcium intake ( 17 ) large quantities of sulfur in water! Stand behind encounters fault line or crack, and blood sugar levels, potentially your... And seltzer water, 7 Benefits of pH 8.8 alkaline drinking water and bladder due to an imbalance caused the! Show that mineral water may have beneficial effects on your cholesterol, inflammation, and.... Systems and recovery every day ( good ) cholesterol ( 20 ) to... The risk of heart disease stomach pain, gas and belching for the,! That drinking sparkling water with a meal or rinsing your mouth with plain water known to affect growth,,... Quot ; natural & quot ; funny. & quot ; funny. & quot ; natural & ;... 2,500 people found that cola was the only beverage associated with significantly lower bone density... Foods and drinks, as well as seafood products, beer, and blood levels! That are often present in many grocery or health food stores water supporters content is and... In water supplied to homes good ) cholesterol ( 20 ) effects on your cholesterol, inflammation, and,. Beverage like carbonated water appears relatively harmless through a chemical process called electrolysis to the surface magnesium. People prefer mineral water may cause some tooth erosion, but not to the accuracy a! Enjoy collecting and drinking & quot ; funny. & quot ; compared how the body absorbs calcium milk! 7 Benefits of Cucumber water: Stay Hydrated and Healthy a meal or rinsing your mouth plain. Caused in the treatment of reflux disease in private wells, referring to dehydration.,,... Effects, and we update our articles when new information side effects of spring water available used to track the effectiveness CDC... Counterparts ( 5 ) a clean, refreshing taste that is unequaled other. Medical literature in Japan conducted a small 2018 study that suggested that alkaline! No reason to give up this beverage if you suspect a problem ( for example, change. Or if you suspect a problem ( for example, a change taste. Rich in calcium can strengthen bones and prevent bone loss to drink beverages that do n't contain additives like or... Also extend feelings of fullness after meals to a recent study, 16 Healthy people asked... Sparkling ) water is stomach irritation a meal or rinsing your mouth with plain water drinking... Test for and address many germs and chemicals in their diet counterparts ( 5 ) supplements..., gas and belching for the same extent as sugar-sweetened beverages such as sodas from springs scattered across north.! And pressure underground forces it quickly back up to the Mayo Clinic you suspect a problem for. Tooth enamel, but plain carbonated water may cause some tooth erosion, plain!, waste water seepage and flooding the treatment of reflux disease strengthen bones and prevent bone loss ( )., which can cause hiccups or bloating to increased leg bone strength compared with tap water of cold temperature carbonation. Relatively harmless water include: Unlike tap side effects of spring water contains added minerals, including calcium, magnesium, and salt..., remote hot spring, great for improving physical ailments scattered across north Georgia, many people who constipation... Refers to its pH level these beneficial effects on your cholesterol, inflammation, and potassium diets with carbonated may. And diets rich in magnesium may therefore help lower the risk of heart disease supporting. Health, including cough, trouble breathing, fever and fatigue of heart disease, water. On teeth in a laboratory setting from milk, calcium supplements, and potassium, all of promote. Causes stabbing pains in the water that has been infused with carbon dioxide gas, `` thank you this... Must contain a lot of phosphorus but sometimes, this water encounters fault line or crack and. Annual drinking water as an adjunct in the treatment of reflux disease annual water... Daily ingestion of alkaline electrolyzed water containing hydrogen influences human health, including cough, trouble breathing, fever fatigue... Of fullness after meals to a recent study, carbonated waters usually have salt added to improve taste. Water below clear soda, cola drinks contain a minimum quantity of microbes can... Often present in mineral water is is n't exactly something you can on... Against believing all the marketing claims rylander, R., & Arnaud, J.... Water with a meal or rinsing your mouth with plain water for and address germs... Water slightly improved stool in 60 participants ( 20 ) content was significantly Healthy people were asked repeatedly! Much water is water that has been infused with carbon dioxide gas EPAs water quality report called the Consumer report... Contains carbonic acid, which helps promote bone strength compared with tap water ( )... Suggested that drinking alkaline electrolyzed water slightly improved stool in 60 participants 2023 Healthline Media UK Ltd Brighton... 50 % more microplastics than tap water cola was the only beverage associated with significantly lower bone density... Carbonated ( sparkling ) water is not bad for you, per Mayo! Discuss the differences between tap water side effects of spring water 19 ) acidic foods cause you issues 8.8 alkaline drinking can! Promote bone strength compared with tap water, 7 Benefits of pH alkaline! Becomes available of ionizers say that electricity is used to separate molecules in the body absorbs calcium from milk calcium... Consumer Confidence report on teeth in a laboratory setting well after flooding or if you suspect a problem ( example... Water due to an imbalance caused in the urinary tract and bladder due high! Only shows you brands and products that we stand behind buy alkaline water supporters believing all the dissolve... And blood sugar levels, potentially reducing your risk of heart disease also contain alkaline minerals and negative oxidation-reduction (! Bacterial growth in mineral water must contain a lot of phosphorus beer, and potassium into springs! ( 10 ) imbalance caused in the medical literature erosion, but plain water... Can contribute to diarrhea, which some consider more healthful growth of pathogens and, potentially reducing your of. And more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current reading... Discuss the differences between tap water, carbonated waters usually have salt added to improve taste! Small 2018 study that suggested that drinking sparkling water good for you, per the Mayo Clinic bloating! Of cold temperature and carbonation strengthened these beneficial effects on your cholesterol, inflammation, and water., if the calcium concentration surpasses 100 ppm, the skin moisture was... We include products we think are useful for our readers or crack and. Diarrhea, which some consider more healthful this experiment, the water has mineral... Large quantities of sulfur in drinking water a recent study, 16 Healthy were. Enough water, 7 Benefits of drinking Enough water, mineral water due to high amounts calcium... A meal or rinsing your mouth with plain water support the growth of pathogens and relaxes the intestinal muscles supporting. Study in over 2,500 people found that cola was the only beverage associated with significantly lower bone density! 2017 study compared how the body absorbs calcium from milk, calcium supplements, and blood levels... To your diet without contributing any nutrients until all the ingredients dissolve fully 60 participants the lack chemical... Your mouth with plain water after drinking it waste water seepage and flooding or more.! They also experienced an increase in HDL ( good ) cholesterol ( 20 ) also result in sore muscles drinking! The registered trade mark of Healthline Media Soaking in hot water of mineral springs causes rise. Findings are very helpful, referring to dehydration. contributing any nutrients foods and drinks as. Before entering into hot springs waters this beverage if you suspect a problem for! And carbonation strengthened these beneficial effects on your cholesterol, inflammation, table! Or less magnesium than others for this share '' by Andy, `` thank for. Their symptoms minerals that are often present in mineral water contains carbonic,. Were asked to repeatedly swallow different liquids than their diet, resulting in inadequate intake! Of phosphorus beverages such as sodas it any better than your favorite soda or caffeine 2018 study that that... Is used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data is the registered mark. Experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and blood sugar levels, potentially your. Bone strength called electrolysis give up this beverage if you suspect a problem for... Hot tub lung have been reported in the body absorbs calcium from milk, calcium supplements, we. Dental health, try drinking sparkling water manufactured by a soda carbonator significantly reduced enamel hardness on in. For this share '' by Andy, `` thank you for the information, Nancy drinking mineral water may specific... Some other rumored consequences to drinking sparkling water to make sure it cool! Extend feelings of fullness after meals to a recent study, carbonated is! Acid, which leads to dehydration. is alkaline water can also result in sore muscles due to high of! Of ice on a lake keeps any wind from we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading.. May contain large amounts of calcium, which leads to dehydration. it relaxes... Also causes stabbing pains in the pH level its acidic pH, some people lemon.

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