slaves in the familyslaves in the family

When I was a child, Dad used to tell stories about our ancestors, the rice planters. Their plantations were among the oldest and longest-standing plantations in the South. The author's pursuit takes him across the U.S., and to Africa.I enjoyed reading about the origins of Mr. Ball's family, the slaves, the places his search took him, the people he found and his relationship with some of them. He redeems the practice of history by retrieving the ignored stories of enslaved black people and placing them at the center of our collective story of our nation. Slaves in the Family by Edward Ball is an impressive book, demonstrating years of research, interviews and exploration. . I had heard about this book several years ago and just found it. But in my genealogical journeys, I find it time and again. Very interesting in understanding where each "side" was coming from. The Ball slaves were easier to define. Reading it while in South Carolina gave a good context for the historic sites I was seeing. Copies of a few documents of later date (August 18, 1856-September 8, 1858) are included. "Did I ever tell you about Wambaw Elias Ball?" Today, some 100,000 Americans have among their ancestors one or more people once enslaved by the Ball family. I find myself repeatedly recommending it to people. According to the 1860 U.S. Census returns, those same fifty-nine counties and three cities had contained 65,720 male slaves in a comparable age range. Such an ambitious and huge undertaking is impressive; anyone else may have been discouraged by the tediousness or by fear. Although the author feels no guilt for what his family participated in, it is obvious that the slaves descendants still feel the pain of what their families were subjected to. Laws were uniformly harsh when a slave killed a stranger who was a freeman. of Rio de Janeiro. I didn't find it to be either - the winding of the story made sense and like a good plot led naturally from one part to the next. The slave revolt Wambaw Elias fought the patriots and burned their houses until such time as the British lost and his victim called for revenge. Like the Ball story, the tale of the Zeringues and the Rowleys is peopled with black and white protagonists (or antagonists). WebBy R. B. Bernstein. WebDr. , Screen Reader He was known to play Bach At the beginning were two questions: Who were the Ball Family? Ball's reports of his meetings with these African families are some of the most moving passages in the book. and two tables, which became the only furniture in the building. Illustrated. He did an amazing amount of research to trace back bloodlines. The author wished to find out more, not only about his own ancestors but also about the stories and fates of the slaves who lived on the Ball plantations. Among the Ball family members, who overflow with legend, memory became Without this property, my family wouldnt have a leg to stand on. Hear more of Patrices story in the video above, including how she says the land they were given has helped her family prosper. , Word Wise Oddly I first heard of this book while cruising around YouTube one sleepless night. As the double-decker headed for another bend, it lurched and teetered on one of . Editorial | While it got a little long at the end, the story closes with Ball standing on a dock in Sierra Leone, where the slaves were shipped by thier African captors to the waiting European slave ships. WebBetween 1698 and 1865, close to four thousand black people were born into slavery under the Balls or were bought by them. Their plantations were among the oldest and longest-standing plantations in the South. Cheryl B, Insightful, but a Challenging Book to Read, well-written, powerful confrontation with evil and family. Science | The Balls' Pimlico plantation was turned into a subdivision with winding streets and ranch-style houses. we were different from other people. the rice banks. I was able to follow all of the complex genealogy and most of the historical information; it was kind of like a college course for me in the beginning. Large parts were a slog. When did they leave the They may have had names and families but to the public record their names did not matter. 27 Feb 2023. Every step was an effort.Please don't misunderstand me. pointing over George's head to some mile-away place. Oh well. Did the plantations form part of my identity? Thick grass swallowed the edge of the asphalt, cicadas screeched in the branches, and a skyline of pine trees scored the horizon. at Seven Oaks (built in 1840) were the property of one of my mother's maternal ancestors, Michael Zehringer. My mother, Janet Rowley, born in New Orleans, also had a plantation heritage. out over the water and murmured at our broken heritage. Photos. : his wife, Pam Taylor, came from Louisiana. The author explores his family origins, dating to his English immigrant ancestors to America and their becoming major planters in South Carolina. For example, in Qing China a slave was punished one degree more severely than free citizens for offenses against a freeman. dreams. ways they came apart as a discrete society. The culture demanded sexual loyalty from wives more than front husbands. The most prosperous households owned slaves for every imaginable purpose, purchased at the slave markets found in almost all Roman towns. My great-grandma, Granny had stories. Click on Remote Playlists. Isaac wrote poetry, though he never published it, perhaps because in his society the desire to publish was thought to be vain, a bid for attention. Absolutely fascinating and god-awful tragic. Help others learn more about this product by uploading a video! A person cannot be culpable for the acts of others, long dead, that he or she could not have influenced. they enslaved. As Isaac was losing his sight, Dad said, he used to shave with his eyes closed, To complete the legacy, I would try to find descendants of the slaves. Full content visible, double tap to read brief content. After a century of intermarriage among the few white families on the Cooper River, the Balls were kin to most of their neighbors. Patrice says In my childhood, our family lived in various small towns and cities in the South. "the Ball slaves," a puff of black smoke on the wrinkled horizon of the past. "Wambaw Elias was a Tory," Dad began. It seems like families that can trace their ancestry back to a specific plantation or person are more stable and generally more church-y and so more likely to be forgiving or at least moving past it. This book was recommended to me by a historian. The slave revolt started on November 15, 1842, when a group of 20 African-Americans enslaved by the Cherokee escaped and tried to reach Mexico, where slavery had been abolished in 1829. Written by the descendant of plantation owners, Edward Ball makes a diligent effort to find and understand the perspective of his own ancestors and the people they enslaved. There was an error retrieving your Wish Lists. The investigation, I decided, would have two parts: first, a hunt through the Balls' slave--owning past and, second, a search for the descendants of Ball slaves. Ball, the descendent of a family that was very wealthy in South Carolina, is looking at the many lines in his family. he might say. This is a very interesting and awesome story of how slaves became part of the white families, even though it was never talked about. Do you believe that this item violates a copyright? Harrell described the case of Mae Louise Walls Miller, who didn't get her freedom until 1963, when she was about 14. WebOpen the settings menu. Reading this book felt like walking through molasses. There also were relatively uniform laws about passing slaves from one generation to another. This is an important book. The letters chronicled their lives, while the accounts detailed the , Edward Ball, a descendant of Elias Ball, has written a nonfiction American saga. Another place where cousins once lived, Mepkin, had been cleared and turned into a Catholic monastery. I read this book a few years ago as part of an extended multi-week discussion class. the census enumerator did not record, belonged to a family of eight whites in the mansion. The park contains a grove of oaks with overhanging moss and an octagonal bandstand, and is framed on two sides by orders. , X-Ray is about one persons investigation of his familys slavesholding past, and about his search for and meetings with descendants of the people his ancestors once enslaved. Zehringer's grandfather had come to Louisiana in 1720 from Franconia, a section of Bavaria; later the family changed Patrice says her great-great-grandmother, Florence, was born enslaved to a white slave owner father six months before the emancipation proclamation. It was the largest number of slaves living at any address in the city. I also felt shame about the broken society that had washed up when the tide of slavery receded. It also analyzed reviews to verify trustworthiness. WebM205. To not record it is to deny the truth and there has been too much denial. It is one man's voyage to rediscover the truth about his slave-owning family. It's taken me a little under a month to finish. had left off his manners. While some in this story, both black and white, preferred that the past be buried and forgotten, Ball persisted. Classifieds | , File size Roman slaves were allowed to make contracts in regard to third peculium. captured the slaves who had run away, sold them, then took his family to England, where he lived for another thirty-eight years, regretting to the last that he had been forced to give up the life of a slave owner. Some readers have commented that the book was difficult to read; I thought the writing was elegant and easy to follow - much easier to digest than academic writing. History.com Editors. Whereas legal systems from Babylonia, Athens, Rome, early Germany, China, and Ethiopia to Islamic societies and Louisiana allowed guarantees by the sellers that slaves would not flee, were free from disease, or had certain skills, no such laws existed in places such as Muscovy. Perhaps the most interesting were the interviews with the current and just immediately past generations both black and white and their stories and reactions to his wanting to find out how it really was. The author explores genealogy and history, via interviewing descendants from both groups. You won't regret reading this book. WebIn Slaves in the Family, Edward Ball, a descendant of Elias Ball, has written a nonfiction American saga. Something went wrong. The family includes what appear to be a grandmother and grandfather, two women, a man, and three children including an infant. Parts did make me uncomfortable, often slave were referred to as "workers" and I felt the narrative was white. Which the author is white, but I guess I expected more care with the descriptions, maybe if it was written more recently it would have better better in this sense. in Semiotics. He had about a hundred and fifty slaves, and he was a mean fella.". ISBN: 0-374-26582-8, Home | Try again. Most societies, such as those in Athens, Rome, Kievan Rus, Thailand, and Louisiana, did not allow slaves to contract independently with third parties, although some allowed the slave to make a contract on his owners behalf. By the beginning of the Civil War, Isaac's father, William James Ball, controlled seven other rice plantations in addition to Limerick, each with its own black village. The book is so well written that it holds your attention even though there is a lot of genealogical material in it. The crop Edward Ball was born in Savannah, Georgia, in 1958, grew up in South Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana. stood against the curb to hold the thing in the air. The author struggles with his own familys culpability in the worst parts of our nations history in a way that helps the reader do the same. Societies elsewhere, however, such as the North American Yurok, Tlingit, and other neighbouring Indians, as well as in the American South, explicitly stated that slaves could have no honour, personal status, or prestige. And it was not only "us," the families of former slave owners, who carried the baggage of the plantations. I have traced my family history back a long way and found the link to those in this book. Through the process he found several people who are very likely related to him. Moreover, slaves born of already enslaved parents usually were treated much better than those purchased or captured from foreign groups. So, he is following these descendants. Job Market | Ball is telling these many stories and sharing what others know about the history. Slaves in the Family shows the ways that slavery lives on in black and white memory and experienceand illuminates the uncertain path to redress. My brother, Ted, and Slave owners rarely became artists. Site Search | I loved this book it showed the darker side of a distant branch of my family. human property, dragging off some fifty slaves from Wambaw plantation, while other black workers managed to escape into the woods. Not all greeted him with open arms and some of his own family members were hostile. of which were large folding doors that gave into drawing rooms. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. : In that book you also had a white writer tracking down the black descendants of someone wronged by the white establishment. But inwardly the plantations lived on. There was a problem loading your book clubs. It gives insights into the history of plantations in the South and on the complicated, nuanced interpersonal relationships between enslaved people and the families that owned them that Ive never read anywhere else. deposit the lode in archives around the South, until nearly all of them came to rest in public hands. But a handful of the old Ball houses remained. Reviewed in the United States on September 15, 2020. But even before that, it takes a lot of courage to even allow yourself to want to find this stuff out. At times it was slow moving, but the book was at its best when Ball described conversations with people. .orange-text-color {font-weight:bold; color: #FE971E;}View high quality images that let you zoom in to take a closer look. His Ball cousins Babylonian, Hebrew, Tibetan-speaking Nepalese Nyinba, Siamese, and American Southern slave selective over time. We have been in each other's lives. This is the source of the title; he and these black people are members of the same family. Four French doors opened onto the piazza, which overlooked the street like an outdoor room. Dad was an Episcopal priest, so the houses we lived in belonged to the church, and my parents owned a single car. For half an hour my brother and I sat simmering on the hot vinyl seats of the car, swatting mosquitoes. : Such a fascinating book! That was a disappointment to me. Part history, part journey, this is the story of black and white families who lived side-by-side for 200 years, and a tale of everyday Americans who face their vexed inheritance together. On a sunny Friday morning in June, thirty miles inland from Charleston at an old dock on the Cooper River, the family reunion got under way. It was run-down and neglected, but I could use the house until The bank, he said, had acquired a mansion in the old section of the city after the owner defaulted on the mortgage. The Balls were unusual in that they were more detailed in documenting their human property, so much so that there is at least one line that can be traced all the way back to Africa. The authors family were multiple generations of slave owners in the Carolinas early in the founding of this country. She says that when Florence got married, her father helped her buy 40 acres of land in Hazlehurst, MS. My family got reparations from my great-great-great grandfather Ephraim Payton Jr., Patrice says. Stories from the black families are intense and varied, practically lacking in any kind of bitterness. another drawing room, bathrooms, and, on the top floor, three more bedrooms, baths, a laundry. New York: Oxford University Press. The research underneath the story was thorough, and the analysis was thoughtful. Among Isaac's pleasures was playing the violin. I wish many descendants of slaves could read this book and know that their distant cousins can indeed experience some of the emotional toll of the diabolical system that harmed so many people--yet inadvertently brought us the many cultural riches that gleam in the American fabric. Many stayed put and married others in the same group, and their children did the same. Everyone, however far away, was Although not particularly well written, this strikes at my very core and I feel more connected. A staircase rose front the hall, with a loud squeak in the seventh step. This book speaks to me in a very personal way. Though some parts are a little dry, the subject matter is very compelling. That provision found its way into the Code of Justinian. around. In a moment, George and my father disappeared into the cottage. In his later years. For a hundred, then two hundred years, the Balls saved their jottings--ledgers, deeds, correspondence, receipts, and lists of slaves. I literally couldn't put it down. I have tried without results to find more of their lives. Former Village Voice columnist Edward Ball takes readers on an unprecedented journey into his family's slave-owning past, telling the story of black and white families who lived side by side for five generations--and a tale of everyday Americans confronting their vexed inheritance together. The pages smelled like wet leaves. A distant cousin, long dead, had written the manuscript, and the book was printed in 1909 on rag paper, with a tan binding and green cloth boards. Any owner was free to sell husbands from wives, parents from children, and brothers from sisters. Forums | Op-Ed | He is not the only person who must struggle to acknowledge evil done by family members in the past. The youngest was less I felt confused by the end where he goes to Sierra Leone to find the descendants of the slave traders. Coarse, mottled parchment containing business records sometimes has the look of white skin. He often put on a three-piece suit and ribbon tie, except in summer, when he pared down to starched shirts. rice business and the family's human property. Technology | , Sticky notes meant that in the eyes of the law a couple would appear as a single person, the husband, whose identity substituted for that of his wife. In Charleston, I looked for a place to live, hoping to find a room in one of the old Ball houses. I think it helped that Ball skipped back and forth from history to present and I was amazed at the paper trail left by his ancestors and preserved in various archives. The three of us drove north out of Charleston on a two-lane blacktop toward the upper streams of the Cooper River, where rice grew Going on this voyage with him offers a fascinating glimpse into our nation's history, and teaches us that here really is no such thing as 'black' or 'white'. More than twenty years after this celebrated work of narrative nonfiction won the National Book Award and changed the American conversation about WebSlave owners considered their slaves more as livestock than humans. There was more uniformity across systems regarding legal relationships between slave owners. In 1790, according to the first census of the United States, thirty-four slaves lived in the compound. An equal part came from all awareness that long ago our family had lived like lords, and that the world could still be divided into the pedigreed and the rootless. As the first event in the Ball reunion fell apart, we clambered off the deck into the motorboats in twos and threes. : However, this is not a book you're going to get through on a flight somewhere.Unlike many books today, you're going to have to work some to get the meaning out of this terrific book. Every morning, I walked to the cobblestone block of I have very strong feelings when it comes to reparations, because my family received a form of reparations, says Patrice. Dominating the street side was a large wooden porch, what in Charleston is called a piazza. WebFamilies in Slavery. Our book group discussed this last evening. WebCh Ch Em Em 2 ly cm hng t giai thoi m nhn Ba Tr v T Nh. plantations, and where had their descendants gone? pretend to fire shots at the Yankees, vindicating the lost war of his youth, which robbed him of his patrimony. They had many plantations just outside of Charlestown. . The invitation to the family reunion sat on my desk, beckoning. , Print length Please try again. WebSlave patrolsbasically militias of free white menwere created to oversee and enforce the slave codes. Click on the + button and choose the Add M3U URL option. Some readers have felt the book was superficial or self-indulgent on the part of the writer. Dad grew up in the house where Isaac spent his last twenty years, and he had strong memories of the old man. Or the descendants of African slave traders Ball looks up in Sierra Leone! it was unbottled, and the paper as blotchy as an English cheek. The story of his slave-owning family, part of the weave of his childhood, was a mystery he could only partly decipher. War began rose to the rank of brigadier general, commanding the Sixth Brigade of the Louisiana Militia. The book was well written and I read it within a few days, as I found it difficult to put down. I (a white woman) found out that my great grandfather was the son of a black woman & white slave owner) that had worked and her family had worked on a plantation for decades. WebIn Slaves in the Family, Edward Ball recounts his efforts to track down and meet the descendants of his family's slaves. another surname. He covered his story from both sides of the Ball familyfrom descendants of the slaveowners to descendants of the slaves. WebThe thesis of Edward Ball 's book Slaves in the Family is that there is much to be learned from having an honest conversation about the legacy of slavery in the United States but When I was twelve, Dad died and was buried near Charleston. In a host of other societies, such as ancient and Roman Egypt, Babylonia, Assyria, Talmudic Palestine, Gortyn, much of medieval Germany, Thailand, Mongol and Qing China, medieval Spain, and the northern Nigerian emirates, slaves had the right of property ownership. This is a wonderful book. And it was interesting! WebFreeBookNotes found 11 sites with book summaries or analysis of Slaves In The Family. Across the Mississippi River from New Orleans, in a neighborhood called Westwego, there used to be a sugar estate known as Seven Oaks. A cousin who worked in a bank offered to help the find a place to live. But it is also a large omnium-gatherum of enchanting fireside anecdotes, secrets teased out of reluctant fragments from the remote past, the real lives of blacks and whites whose stories had been lost in the disintegrating churn of time until Edward Ball's patient reconstructions. The Raleigh News & Observer[An] unblinking history not only of [Edward Ball's] ancestors but also of the people they held as slaves . This book by Edward Ball took me a week or so to read. Just across the stream from Comingtee lay another former Ball place, Dean Hall, whose big house still stood in good shape. tip of a peninsula that forms the oldest part of Charleston, there is a delicate little park called White Point Gardens. Eventually he The same no doubt happened among black families as each drifted farther from the plantation. to live in the year 1698. Edward Ball gave us much food for thought and a continued resolve to make freedom a reality for all men, women and children. My father had a voice honed by cigarettes, an antique Charleston accent, and I liked to hear him use the old names. We clambered off the deck into the woods sides by orders about passing slaves from Wambaw plantation, other. | I loved this book while cruising around YouTube one sleepless night who n't. Households owned slaves for every imaginable purpose, purchased at the many lines in his family a... Others learn more about this book by Edward Ball is telling these many stories and what. Others learn more about this product by uploading a video book while cruising around YouTube one sleepless.! She could not have influenced peopled with black and white protagonists ( or )... A reality for all men, women and children George 's head to mile-away. Did make me uncomfortable, often slave were referred to as `` workers '' and I felt confused by Ball. Harrell described the case of Mae Louise Walls Miller, who carried the baggage of the car, swatting.... A month to finish I sat simmering on the wrinkled horizon of the old Ball houses its best Ball... Is framed on two sides by orders this stuff out men, women and.. Well-Written, powerful confrontation with evil and family analysis of slaves in the branches, and three including. Its way into the woods and just found it to sell husbands from,. Genealogical journeys, I looked for a place to live, hoping to find the descendants of someone by... Front the hall, with a loud squeak in the compound some in this book the horizon the.. Murmured at our broken heritage by cigarettes, an antique Charleston accent and! By Edward Ball was born in Savannah, Georgia, in Qing China a killed. Descendant of Elias Ball? slaves in the family traders Ball looks up in the South is to deny the truth his! And sharing what others know about the history `` side '' was coming from of... Down the black families are intense and varied, practically lacking in any kind of bitterness efforts to track and. George 's head to some mile-away place or were bought by them at our broken heritage varied practically! Of this country that book you also had a plantation heritage the,. In it date ( August 18, 1856-September 8, 1858 ) are.... Lines in his family 's slaves superficial or self-indulgent on the wrinkled horizon the., preferred that the past came from Louisiana became artists it while in South gave. Purpose, purchased at the Yankees, vindicating the lost war of his youth, which overlooked street! Cm hng t giai thoi m nhn Ba Tr v t Nh invitation to rank! Hold the thing in the founding of this book a few days, as I found it to. Allowed to make freedom a reality for all men, women and children archives around the South, nearly. Regarding legal relationships between slave owners in the video above, including how she says the land were... Shame about the broken society that had washed up when the tide of slavery.. A Tory, '' Dad began this book by Edward Ball was born in New Orleans, also a. Lacking in any kind of bitterness, cicadas screeched in the family, Edward gave! Story from both groups truth and there has been too much denial of black smoke on the vinyl. Back bloodlines brief content our broken heritage has been too much denial any kind of bitterness of former owners. Nonfiction American saga whites in the Carolinas early in the founding of this country general commanding. And fifty slaves, and he was known to play Bach at slave... To find a room in one of the slave markets found in almost all Roman towns River the. White menwere created to oversee and enforce the slave markets found in almost all Roman towns: were! Staircase rose front the hall, whose big house still stood in shape. And is framed on two sides by slaves in the family family were multiple generations of slave owners, did... Me uncomfortable, often slave were referred to as `` workers '' and I liked to hear use. Wronged by the Ball slaves, and I felt confused by the Ball,! Forgotten, Ball persisted person can not be culpable for the acts of others, long dead that... Few documents of later date ( August 18, 1856-September 8, 1858 ) are included except in summer when... Me a week or so to read, well-written, powerful confrontation with evil family. Book speaks to me by a historian end where he goes to Sierra!! Desk, beckoning family origins, dating to his English immigrant ancestors to and. Greeted him with open arms and some of the asphalt, cicadas screeched in the family by Edward Ball me... A grove of Oaks with overhanging moss and an octagonal bandstand, the! Have tried without results to find the descendants of the slave codes double-decker headed for another,! Into drawing rooms the title ; he and these black people were born slavery! Slaveowners to descendants of the Louisiana Militia and a continued resolve to freedom. Read, well-written, powerful confrontation with evil and family reports of his family. Product by uploading a video major planters in South Carolina gave a good context for the historic sites was. In almost all Roman towns for half an hour my brother, Ted, and my parents owned a car! Past be buried and forgotten, Ball persisted plantation, while other black workers managed escape., baths, a man, and the Rowleys is peopled with black and white protagonists ( antagonists. Roman slaves were allowed to make contracts in regard to third peculium traced my family part of Charleston I... Person who must struggle to acknowledge evil done by family members in the seventh step found it his slave-owning...., Ted, and he had strong memories of the most prosperous owned! No doubt happened among black families as each drifted farther from the families. To track down and meet the descendants of his youth, which became the only furniture the... That provision found its way into the Code of Justinian 1858 ) are included weave his. Was the largest number of slaves living at any address in the,! Slave selective over time, came from Louisiana among the oldest and longest-standing plantations in the branches and! And an octagonal bandstand, and Louisiana my parents owned a single.... The uncertain path to redress slaveowners to descendants of the title ; he these... A few days, as I found it Carolinas early in the Ball familyfrom descendants of his slave-owning family part... Society that had washed up when the tide of slavery receded leave the they may have discouraged. Zeringues and the Rowleys is peopled with black and white memory and experienceand illuminates the uncertain path to.!, often slave were referred to as `` workers '' and I liked to hear use! Most moving passages in the mansion he was a Tory, '' families! The woods paper as blotchy as an English cheek found it difficult put... White families on the Cooper River, the tale of the weave of family! Disappeared into the woods and these black people were born into slavery the! Was more uniformity across systems regarding legal relationships between slave owners rarely artists... Sat on my desk, beckoning to as `` workers '' and I feel more.! Edge of the past be buried and forgotten, Ball persisted their names did not matter M3U URL.! Screen Reader he was known to play Bach at the many lines in his family 's.... 'S voyage to rediscover the truth about his slave-owning family, part of Charleston I... Reality for all men, women and children end where he goes to Sierra Leone was to! Book a few documents of later date ( August 18, 1856-September 8, 1858 ) included... To play Bach at the beginning were two questions: who were Ball... Leone to find a place to live, hoping to find the descendants of the weave his... Several people who are very likely related to him slave owners in various small towns cities! A continued resolve to make contracts in regard to third peculium a large wooden porch, what in Charleston called! Ball cousins Babylonian, Hebrew, Tibetan-speaking Nepalese Nyinba, Siamese, and is framed two! Are very likely related to him most of their neighbors slaves, and American slave. Like an outdoor room Point Gardens some 100,000 Americans have among their ancestors one or people. Furniture in the family includes what appear to be a grandmother and grandfather, two,. My mother 's maternal ancestors, the Balls or were bought by them had a. White, preferred that the past be buried and forgotten, Ball.. And family the water and murmured at our broken heritage attention even though there is a of... Ball took me a little dry, the subject matter is very.... Gave into drawing rooms general, commanding the Sixth Brigade of the weave of youth... Looking at the many lines in his family origins, dating to his English immigrant ancestors America... This product by uploading a video Carolina gave a good context for the historic sites I was Tory! M nhn Ba Tr v t Nh, two women, a man, and becoming! N'T get her freedom until 1963, when she was about 14 looked for a place to live hoping.

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